{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:36:30Z","timestamp":1787067390301,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence regarding the benefit of endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to isolated cervical internal carotid artery occlusion (c-ICA-O) is lacking. We assessed the outcomes and safety of EVT in patients with isolated c-ICA-O.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with an AIS due to isolated c-ICA-O, within 24-h since last-seen-well. Comparisons were made between EVT and best medical therapy (BMT). The primary outcome was 3-months modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ordinal shift. Secondary outcomes included 3-month favorable outcome (mRS 0\u20132, or return to pre-stroke mRS), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and any parenchymal hemorrhage. Outcomes were compared combining inverse probability of treatment weighting with regression models and propensity score matching (PSM) as sensitivity analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed 998 patients (66.2% male, mean age 71.1\u2009\u00b1\u200913.2\u2009years). 487 (48.8%) patients received EVT and 511 (51.2%) received BMT. Patients receiving EVT had a higher admission NIHSS [13 (7\u201318) vs 5 (2\u201313)] compared to BMT. There was no difference between EVT and BMT groups in 3-month mRS shift (adjusted common odds ratio [OR], 1.01 [95% CI 0.76\u20131.34]) and favorable outcome (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.16 [95% CI 0.84\u20131.60]). No patient (0%) in the BMT group had sICH versus 1.6% in the EVT group. Parenchymal hemorrhage was numerically higher in EVT patients (2.7% vs 0.6%; aOR 3.85 [95% CI 0.98\u201315.23]). PSM analysis revealed similar results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with isolated c-ICA-O, EVT was associated with similar odds of disability and intracranial bleeding compared to BMT. Randomized-controlled clinical trials in patients with isolated c-ICA-O are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873251323488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T04:44:56Z","timestamp":1740717896000},"page":"694-704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Endovascular treatment for isolated cervical internal carotid artery occlusion: ETIICA study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2277-5950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro","family":"Marto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal 1"},{"name":"Lisbon Clinical Academic Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2478-3500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Riegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Charit\u00e9Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany 3"},{"name":"Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charit\u00e9Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pimrapat","family":"Gebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health, Charit\u00e9Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Germany 5"},{"name":"Charit\u00e9Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Germany 6"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7700-6134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tilman","family":"Reiff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany 7"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Sykora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. John\u2019s Hospital, Vienna, Austria 8"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria 9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Wi\u0105cek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland 10"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4160-9288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Pakizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic 11"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia\/Espinho, Gaia, Portugal 12"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrien","family":"ter Schiphorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France 13"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5199-6210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Andr\u00e9","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 14"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arno","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany 15"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belen Flores","family":"Pina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Germans Trias Hospital, Barcelona, Spain 16"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2856-0101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Mayer-Suess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria 17"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Hobeanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France 18"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7530-818X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marialuisa","family":"Zedde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy 19"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9678-3422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Nuno","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal 20"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0640-3797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Tsivgoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Neurology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, \u201cAttikon\u201d University Hospital, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece 21"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal 22"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0286-8781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven","family":"Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology & Stroke, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany 23"},{"name":"Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany 24"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Nuno","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal 25"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Dusart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, CHU Charleroi, H\u00f4pital Civil Marie Curie, Charleroi, Belgium 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29"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8186-0237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelle","family":"Demeestere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Leuven University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium 30"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4369-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne","family":"Wegener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 31"},{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 32"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Kellert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital, Munich, Germany 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44"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taraneh","family":"Ebrahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany 45"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8494-5527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Salerno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Center, Department of Neurological Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland 46"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8532-6218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Tiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania 47"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2810-1685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thanh N.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Neurology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA 48"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Garc\u00eda-Madrona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain 49"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Bilik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oddzia\u0142 Neurologiczny z Pododdzia\u0142em Udarowym, SPS Szpital Zachodni im. \u015aw Jana Paw\u0142a II, Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland 50"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shadi","family":"Yaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Brown University, Providence, RI, USA 51"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halina","family":"Sienkiewicz-Jarosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland 52"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6728-2020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Karli\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland 53"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Krebs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. John\u2019s Hospital, Vienna, Austria 8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Hurt\u00edkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic 54"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalia","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 14"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4665-5697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Sargento-Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 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33"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Ostos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain 34"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4315-9292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vlad","family":"Tiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania 35"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania 36"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl Georg","family":"Haeusler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg (UKW), W\u00fcrzburg, Germany 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