{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:09:51Z","timestamp":1781737791264,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]],"date-time":"2019-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Scleroderma and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon is nearly universal in systemic sclerosis. Vasculopathy is part of systemic sclerosis. Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon can cause of complications and impairment, especially when tissue ischemia and digital ulcers develop. There are many treatment options for Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon in systemic sclerosis often with sparse data and few robust studies comparing the different treatment options. Recommendations from guidelines usually include calcium channel blockers as first-line pharmacological treatment. In the clinical setting, multiple variables such as financial factors, geography where access to medications varies, and patient factors, baseline hypotension, can influence the treatment for Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon and digital ulcers. Prostacyclins and PDE-5 inhibitors are reserved for more severe Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon or healing of digital ulcers. Prevention of digital ulcers may also include endothelin receptor blocker (bosentan) in some countries. Other treatments had less consensus. Algorithms developed by systemic sclerosis experts might be helpful in deciding which treatment to choose for each setting, using a step-wise strategy, which intends to complement guidelines. This review focuses on a practical approach to the treatment of Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon and digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis, based on algorithms designed by systemic sclerosis experts using consensus, and we review the evidence that supports treatment from initial to second and third-line options.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2397198318823951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]],"date-time":"2019-01-28T07:05:54Z","timestamp":1548659154000},"page":"102-110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Management of Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon in systemic sclerosis\u2014a practical approach"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Andreu","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Codina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, 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