{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T12:25:36Z","timestamp":1777983936493,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650499200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Scleroderma and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The utility of nailfold capillaroscopy in the evaluation of patients without Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to compare the utility of nailfold capillaroscopy for the early diagnosis of the scleroderma-spectrum of diseases in patients who present with Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon, undifferentiated non-Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon features and positive systemic sclerosis-associated antibodies without scleroderma-spectrum of disease features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eligible patients were divided into three referral criteria groups: (I) Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon; (II) Undifferentiated non-Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon features and (III) Positive systemic sclerosis-associated autoantibodies without features to suggest scleroderma-spectrum of diseases. This includes systemic sclerosis, mixed connective tissue disease and dermatomyositis. The association between baseline scleroderma pattern on nailfold capillaroscopy (systemic sclerosis\u2013nailfold capillaroscopy) and final diagnosis at follow-up was determined using logistic regression analysis. Test characteristics of nailfold capillaroscopy were compared and stratified by referral groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 95 patients followed-up for a mean of 1.6\u2009years, 28 (29.5%) patients developed scleroderma-spectrum of diseases, 36 (37.9%) patients had suspected\/other connective tissue disease and 27 (28.4%) patients had no connective tissue disease. Baseline systemic sclerosis-nailfold capillaroscopy was significantly associated with the development of scleroderma-spectrum of diseases in patients from Group I (odds ratio, 7.1, p\u2009=\u20090.01) and Group II (odds ratio 7.3, p\u2009=\u20090.005). In Group II patients, nailfold capillaroscopy had a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 71.4%, 76.5%, 55.6% and 86.7%, respectively. Specificity (81.8%) and PPV (69.2%) were the highest in Group I patients. Nailfold capillaroscopy had the highest negative predictive value in Group III (100%), followed by Group II (86.7%) and Group I (78.3%) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In addition to evaluating patients with Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon, nailfold capillaroscopy was useful in the evaluation and exclusion of scleroderma-spectrum of diseases in patients with undifferentiated non-Raynaud phenomenon features and those with systemic sclerosis-associated antibodies without features to suggest scleroderma-spectrum of diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23971983221088460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T10:00:55Z","timestamp":1650535255000},"page":"144-150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Nailfold capillaroscopy for the early diagnosis of the scleroderma spectrum of diseases in patients without Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2542-6521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cassandra","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore"},{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 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