{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T12:34:04Z","timestamp":1789130044263,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Orthopaedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent literature highlights the importance of treating hallux valgus (HV) as a 3-dimensional (3D) deformity. Although 3D printing may enhance visualization of the multiplanar aspects of HV, its influence on surgical planning remains unclear. This study assessed changes in surgical plans when surgeons sequentially reviewed 2D radiographs, 3D weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT), and 3D-printed models, hypothesizing that 3D printing would have the greatest impact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single HV case (a 40-year-old woman, intermetatarsal angle [IMA] 21 degrees, HV angle [HVA] 47 degrees) was evaluated by 30 surgeons in a masked, stepwise manner. Surgical plans were recorded at each stage. Surgeons rated the influence of WBCT and 3D printing using a 5-point Likert scale. A follow-up survey examined the effect of these technologies on correction amplitudes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The participants were mostly early career surgeons (median age 35.5\u2009years, 2\u2009years in practice). WBCT was accessible to 43.3% and used in 30% of HV cases, whereas 3D printing was accessible to 23.3% and used in 6.6%. Changes in the treatment algorithm occurred in 30% of cases after WBCT and in 43.3% after 3D printing. Significant differences (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05) were observed for the Lapicotton procedure between radiography and WBCT, and between WBCT and 3D printing. Surgeons performing &lt;50 HV cases annually or with &gt;70% Foot and Ankle specialization were more influenced by WBCT. Follow-up data (n\u2009=\u200923) indicated that WBCT and 3D printing influenced correction amplitudes, particularly for pronation and distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), more than for the IMA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both WBCT and 3D printing influenced surgical planning, mostly explained by changes in first ray tarsometatarsal procedures. The rotational components (pronation and DMAA) were perceived as the most significantly affected. Future studies should explore cost-effectiveness, patient outcomes, and the utility of combining WBCT and 3D printing in other deformities requiring multiplanar corrections.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold>\n                      Level IV, cross-sectional survey.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/24730114251325854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T07:06:12Z","timestamp":1742281572000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Hallux Valgus Surgical Planning Survey Using WBCT-based 3D Printing"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0163-6516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Lintz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique de l\u2019Union, Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Ramsay Healthcare, Saint Jean, France"},{"name":"Foot and Ankle Division of Orthpaedics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Pozzessere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot and Ankle Division of Orthpaedics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Gr\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot and Ankle Division of Orthpaedics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, \u00d8stfold Hospital Trust, Gr\u00e5lum, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Acker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot and Ankle Division of Orthpaedics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA"},{"name":"Centre of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Clinique La Colline, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik Jes\u00fas","family":"Hu\u00e1nuco Casas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot and Ankle Division of Orthpaedics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA"},{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Delgado Auna\u2013Auna Per\u00fa, Lima, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Ferkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern California Orthopedic Institute, In affiliation with UCLA Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6037-0685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar","family":"de Cesar Netto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot and Ankle Division of Orthpaedics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, 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