{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T03:12:52Z","timestamp":1793416372056,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,23]],"date-time":"2017-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508716800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,23]],"date-time":"2017-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000104","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OTO Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) To assess vestibular changes and related sensorimotor difficulties, especially instability of posture and gait, among astronauts immediately after they return from space and to compare the effects experienced after short\u2010 and long\u2010duration space missions. (2) To determine whether any difficulties experienced were severe enough to impair the astronauts\u2019 ability to leave the spacecraft in the event of an emergency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>National Aeronautics and Space Administration\u2019s Kennedy Space Center and Johnson Space Center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen crewmembers of 3 <jats:italic>Space Shuttle<\/jats:italic> missions that lasted about 1 week and 18 crewmembers of 8 <jats:italic>International Space Station<\/jats:italic> missions that lasted about 6\u00a0months were given brief vestibular examinations 1 to 5 hours after landing. These examinations focused on the presence of vestibular and motor coordination difficulties, as well as motion sickness and motion sensations. Standardized tests included the observation of abnormal eye movements, finger\u2010to\u2010nose pointing, standing up from a seated position, postural stability, and tandem gait.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unsteady walking and postural instabilities were observed after short\u2010 and long\u2010duration missions. Motion sickness symptoms were observed after long\u2010duration missions but not after short\u2010duration missions. The symptom most frequently reported by the astronauts was an exaggerated perceived motion associated with sudden head movements during reentry and after landing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The severity of the observed abnormalities would limit the ability of crewmembers during the first 5 hours after landing and increase the time required to leave the spacecraft during this period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974x17738767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,23]],"date-time":"2017-10-23T20:30:34Z","timestamp":1508790634000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Neurovestibular Symptoms in Astronauts Immediately after <i>Space Shuttle<\/i> and <i>International Space Station<\/i> Missions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Millard F.","family":"Reschke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Laboratories Johnson Space Center National Aeronautics and Space Administration Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward F.","family":"Good","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles R.","family":"Cl\u00e9ment","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KBRwyle Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Risk of sensory\u2010motor performance failures during exploration\u2010class space missions: a review of the evidence and recommendations for future research","volume":"15","author":"Paloski WH","year":"2008","journal-title":"J 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