{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T06:24:53Z","timestamp":1776752693861,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007520","name":"nationwide children\u2019s hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007520","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OTO Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess factors associated with repair of facial dog bites in the emergency department (ED) versus the operating room (OR) and to compare rates of surgical site infection and reoperation for each venue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series with chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single institution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients younger than 18 years of age who underwent surgical repair by a consulting surgical service within 24 hours of presentation for facial dog bites between 2010 and 2013 were included. Demographics, site of injury, associated evidence of complex injury, surgical site infections within 30\u00a0days, and reoperation within 2 years were compared between patients undergoing surgical repair in the ED versus the OR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred sixty\u2010five patients were evaluated; 75 patients underwent repair in the ED, and 90 patients were treated in the OR. Patients treated in the ED underwent surgery more promptly than patients treated in the OR (median time from arrival to procedure start 3.3 vs 6.8 hours, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001). Patients treated in the OR were more likely to have longer lacerations (3.0\u00a0cm vs 7.8\u00a0cm, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001), lacerations of the eyelid (17% vs 42%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 001), involvement of multiple regions of the face (11% vs 22%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 039), and multiple indicators of severe injury (3% vs 12%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 024). There were no differences in surgical site infections (1% vs 1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 721) or reoperation rates (5% vs 13%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 071).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgical management of pediatric facial dog bites may be successfully performed in both the ED and OR settings. Severity of the injury should dictate the choice for management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974x19858328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T11:12:27Z","timestamp":1562843547000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Treatment of Facial Dog Bite Injuries in the Emergency Department Compared to the Operating Room"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Garth F.","family":"Essig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cameron C.","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weston L.","family":"Niermeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surgical Outcomes Research The Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Elmaraghy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2007.016220"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"315","article-title":"Unreported dog bites in children","volume":"100","author":"Beck A","year":"1985","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2014.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-006-1768-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2000.0350580"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"605","article-title":"Nonfatal dog bite\u2010related injuries treated in hospital emergency departments\u2014United States, 2001","volume":"52","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001431"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200204010-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Facial injuries caused by dog bite [in German]","volume":"43","author":"Rettinger G","year":"1995","journal-title":"HNO"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000185"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"SmartTots.Consensus statement on the use of anesthetic and sedative drugs in infants and toddlers(October 2015).http:\/\/smarttots.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/ConsensusStatementV10\u201010.2017.pdf. 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