{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:42:00Z","timestamp":1760971320717,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OTO Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The accuracy and reliability of COVID\u201019 testing are critical to limit transmission. After observing variability in testing techniques, we otolaryngologists at a tertiary medical center initiated and evaluated the impact of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabbing training, including video instruction, to standardize sampling techniques and ensure high\u2010quality specimens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants in the training were employees (N = 40). Training consisted of an instructional video on how to perform nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs and a live demonstration. Participants completed pre\u2010 and posttraining surveys assessing their knowledge and confidence in performing nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. They then performed swabbing on partners, which was graded per a standardized checklist.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean scores for knowledge\u2010based questions and confidence in swabbing were significantly higher after the training session (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001). All participants scored \u22656 of 8 on the posttraining checklist. Ninety\u2010five percent rated the video as very or extremely useful.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Specialized instruction for nasopharyngeal swabbing improved participants\u2019 knowledge\u2014specifically, the appropriate head position and minimum swab time in nasopharynx\u2014and their confidence. After the training, their swabbing execution scores were high.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Implications for Practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>Video\u2010assisted hands\u2010on instruction for nasopharyngeal swab sampling can be used to standardize teaching. When prompt and accurate testing is paramount, this instruction can optimize procedural technique and should be used early and often. In addition, there may be a professional responsibility of otolaryngologists to participate in such initiatives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974x20953094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T13:53:57Z","timestamp":1597413237000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Assessing the Impact of a Training Initiative for Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal Swabbing for COVID\u201019 Testing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Brittany T.","family":"Abud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia M.","family":"Hajnas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Redleaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia L.","family":"Kerolus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.WHO coronavirus disease (COVID\u201019) dashboard. Published2020. Accessed May 15 2020.https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3546086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Guidelines for clinical specimens: novel coronavirus (2019\u2010nCoV). Published2020. Accessed May 14 2020.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019\u2010ncov\/lab\/guidelines\u2010clinical\u2010specimens.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2001737"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2008457"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010020\u20100869\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2001899"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.11.20021493"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16255-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.03.012"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Upper respiratory tract sampling in COVID\u201019","volume":"42","author":"Mawaddah A","year":"2020","journal-title":"Malays J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.05.05.20084889"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.3786"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104397"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820933168"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tct.12198"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999\u2010012\u20102638\u20103"}],"container-title":["OTO Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2473974X20953094","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2473974X20953094","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2473974X20953094","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:05:18Z","timestamp":1760969118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2473974X20953094"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2473974X20953094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2473974x20953094","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2473-974X","2473-974X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2473-974X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2473-974X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"article-number":"2473974X20953094"}}