{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T14:29:19Z","timestamp":1792420159817,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":72,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OTO Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Loss of smell and taste are considered potential discriminatory symptoms indicating triaging for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) and early case identification. However, the estimated prevalence essential to guide public health policy varies in published literature. This meta\u2010analysis aimed to estimate prevalence of smell and taste loss among COVID\u201019 patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for studies published on the prevalence of smell and taste loss in COVID\u201019 patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two authors extracted data on study characteristics and the prevalence of smell and taste loss. Random\u2010effects modeling was used to estimate pooled prevalence. Subgroup analysis and meta\u2010regression were conducted to explore potential heterogeneity sources. This study used PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010seven of 32 studies reported a prevalence of loss of smell, taste, or both from a combined sample of 20,451 COVID\u201019 patients. The estimated global pooled prevalence of loss of smell among 19,424 COVID\u201019 patients from 27 studies was 48.47% (95% CI, 33.78%\u201063.29%). Loss of taste was reported in 20 studies and 8001 patients with an estimated pooled prevalence of 41.47% (95% CI, 3.13%\u201031.03%), while 13 studies that reported combined loss of smell and taste in 5977 COVID\u201019 patients indicated a pooled prevalence of 35.04% (95% CI, 22.03%\u201049.26%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of smell and taste loss among COVID\u201019 patients was high globally, and regional differences supported the relevance of these symptoms as important markers. Health workers must consider them as suspicion indices for empirical diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2\u00a0infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974x20957975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T10:41:07Z","timestamp":1599820867000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Systematic Review and Meta\u2010analysis of Smell and Taste Disorders in COVID\u201019"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Titus Sunday","family":"Ibekwe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Abuja and University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Abuja Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayotunde James","family":"Fasunla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology University College Hospital and College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adebola Emmanuel","family":"Orimadegun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Health College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).COVID\u201019 situation update worldwide as of 27May 2020. 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