{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T19:38:54Z","timestamp":1781293134328,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,2]],"date-time":"2020-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":32,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010506","name":"indiana university health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OVCR COVID-19 Rapid Response Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OVCR COVID-19 Rapid Response Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010506","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["OTO Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The symptoms and long\u2010term sequelae of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u00a0infection have yet to be determined, and evaluating possible early signs is critical to determine which patients should be tested and treated. The objective of this ongoing study is to evaluate initial and short\u2010term rhinologic symptoms, olfactory ability, and general quality of life in patients undergoing SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective case\u2010control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Academic institute.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adult patients tested for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 were prospectively enrolled and separated into positive and negative groups. Each participant completed 4 validated patient\u2010reported outcome measures. The UPSIT (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test) was distributed to patients who were SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 positive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The positive group reported significantly decreased sense of smell and taste on the 22\u2010item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT\u201022) as compared with the negative group (mean \u00b1 SD: 3.4 \u00b1 1.7 vs 1.2 \u00b1 1.4, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001). The positive group had a much higher probability of reporting a decrease in smell\/taste as \u201csevere\u201d or \u201cas bad as it can be\u201d (63.3% vs 5.8%) with an odds ratio of 27.6 (95% CI, 5.9\u2010128.8). There were no differences between groups for overall SNOT\u201022 domain scores, PHQ\u20104 depression\/anxiety (Patient Health Questionnaire\u22124), and 5\u2010Level EQ\u20105D quality\u2010of\u2010life scores. Mean Self\u2010MOQ (Self\u2010reported Mini Olfactory Questionnaire) scores were 7.0 \u00b1 5.6 for the positive group and 1.8 \u00b1 4.0 for the negative group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001). The mean UPSIT score was 28.8 \u00b1 7.2\u00a0in the positive group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Symptomatic patients who are SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 positive report severe olfactory and gustatory dysfunction via the Self\u2010MOQ and SNOT\u201022 as compared with symptomatic patients testing negative.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974x20970176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,2]],"date-time":"2020-11-02T13:39:33Z","timestamp":1604324373000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["COVID\u201019 Status Differentially Affects Olfaction: A Prospective Case\u2010Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Kolin","family":"Rubel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana 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A.","family":"Illing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Kroenke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Services and Outcomes Research Regenstrief Institute Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan Y.","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana 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