{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:06:08Z","timestamp":1790697968661,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595808000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the United States, most intravitreal injections are performed the same day as an office examinations; however, federal agencies and insurance payers suggest these same-day examinations charges are overused and have recommended scrutiny. In this study, we estimate the cost vs benefit to society of same-day office examinations during intravitreal injections for wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An Excel spreadsheet was used to model different antivascular endothelial growth factor treatment scenarios for wAMD, including automatic treatment, injection series' treat and extend (T&amp;E), and as-needed treatment, with increasing same-day examinations in the order listed. Treatment parameters were estimated using US population statistics, published literature, and Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services, provider utilization data. Costs and benefits were compared for the 4 treatment scenarios.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although yearly examinations and optical coherence tomography costs were higher for injection series, T&amp;E, and as-needed protocols compared with automatic treatment, our model predicts reduced yearly injection and travel costs for those same treatment scenarios also, saving $2.9 billion (injection series), $7.2 billion (T&amp;E), and $6.1 billion (as-needed) annually for the US population. Same-day injections accounted for 21%, 8%, and 9% of the savings, respectively, because of reduced travel burden. Furthermore, early detection of wAMD in the fellow eye during office examinations allows for a 1.8, 2.1, and 2.5 quality-adjusted life-year benefit, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Office examinations\u2013directed antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy for wAMD reduces travel and treatment expenses and improves screening of the fellow eye, resulting in robust cost savings and quality-adjusted life-year benefit for the US population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2474126420935819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T08:53:36Z","timestamp":1595840016000},"page":"472-478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Office Examinations\u2013Directed Treatment Paradigms Reduce Travel                     Burden, Decrease Treatment Cost, and Improve Quality-Adjusted Life-Years for                     Patients With Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Undergoing Antivascular                     Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Geoffrey G.","family":"Emerson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Center of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John T.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Specialists, Towson, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8214-5910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loi V.","family":"Vo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Center of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert W.H.","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina and Vitreous of Louisiana, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory D.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Retina, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry A.","family":"Leder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leder Retina, Jacksonville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000486145"},{"key":"bibr2-2474126420935819","unstructured":"Williams GA. IVT Injections: health policy                         implications. June 5, 2014. Accessed June 26,                         2020. https:\/\/www.reviewofophthalmology.com\/article\/ivt-injections-health-policy-implications"},{"key":"bibr3-2474126420935819","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health. National Eye\n                        Institute. Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Data and\n                        Statistics. Updated July 17, 2019. Accessed July 9,\n                        2020. https:\/\/www.nei.nih.gov\/learn-about-eye-health\/resources-for-health-educators\/eye-health-data-and-statistics\/age-related-macular-degeneration-amd-data-and-statistics"},{"key":"bibr4-2474126420935819","unstructured":"American Society of Retina Specialists.\n                        Preferences and Trends (PAT)\n                        Survey. Updated 2019. Accessed June 26,\n                        2020. https:\/\/www.asrs.org\/asrs-community\/pat-survey"},{"key":"bibr5-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.2154"},{"key":"bibr6-2474126420935819","unstructured":"Hogan DJ, Heike H, Bhavsar AR, et al. Comorbid eye disease in patients undergoing anti-VEGF therapy for                         wet macular degeneration. Poster presented at: American Society of Retina                         Specialists Annual Meeting; July 26-30,                         2019; Chicago, Illinois."},{"key":"bibr7-2474126420935819","unstructured":"Vo LV, Steinman JM, Peloquin MD, et al. Same-day intravitreal anti-VEGF treatments highly preferred in                         elderly, disabled, and long-distance travelling patients. Poster presented                         at: American Society of Retina Specialists Annual Meeting;                         July 26-30, 2019; Chicago,                     Illinois."},{"key":"bibr8-2474126420935819","volume-title":"Use of Modifier 25","author":"Levinson DR","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr9-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa054481"},{"key":"bibr10-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062655"},{"key":"bibr11-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.03.053"},{"key":"bibr12-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.09.006"},{"key":"bibr13-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.05.009"},{"key":"bibr14-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08820538.2011.622337"},{"key":"bibr15-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001372"},{"key":"bibr16-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181bfbd46"},{"key":"bibr17-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.08.009"},{"key":"bibr18-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.09.027"},{"key":"bibr19-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.11.032"},{"key":"bibr20-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2474126417725946"},{"key":"bibr21-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2474126419834702"},{"key":"bibr22-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.09.024"},{"key":"bibr23-2474126420935819","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.\n                        Medicare provider utilization and payment data: 2017 physician and\n                        other supplier look-up tool. Accessed April 4,\n                        2020. https:\/\/data.cms.gov\/utilization-and-payment"},{"key":"bibr24-2474126420935819","unstructured":"Internal Revenue Service. Standard mileage\n                        rates. Updated January 17, 2020.\n                        Accessed April 3, 2020. https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/tax-professionals\/standard-mileage-rates"},{"key":"bibr25-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.06.023"},{"key":"bibr26-2474126420935819","unstructured":"Wage and Hour Division. Minimum wage. US Dept. of\n                    Labor. 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United States data.\n                        2019. Accessed April 3, 2020. https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/country\/united-states?view=chart"},{"key":"bibr38-2474126420935819","volume-title":"Questionable Billing for Medicare Ophthalmology Services","author":"Murrin S","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr39-2474126420935819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1405158"}],"container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2474126420935819","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2474126420935819","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2474126420935819","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:25:18Z","timestamp":1790695518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2474126420935819"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2474126420935819"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2474126420935819","relation":{},"ISSN":["2474-1264","2474-1272"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2474-1264","type":"print"},{"value":"2474-1272","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]}}}