{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:06:27Z","timestamp":1790697987586,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600646400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This report illustrates that peripheral vascular leakage on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (FA) can occur in patients with inherited retinal degeneration (IRD) without evidence of a separate cause of leakage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched the electronic medical records of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary from 2010 to 2019 for patients with an IRD diagnosis and examination with an ultra-widefield FA. Images from FAs were evaluated in masked fashion by 2 retina specialists. Documentation of an evaluation for alternative causes of vascular leakage was recorded, as well as results from electroretinography, Goldmann perimetry, and genetic testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 305 patients with an IRD diagnosis and FA procedure code were identified. Of these, 26 patients had both a clinical diagnosis of IRD and ultra-widefield FA on detailed medical-record review. Three patients had FA to evaluate a Coats-like response and were excluded. Of the remaining 23, 4 patients (17%) had significant peripheral leakage on FA. Of these, 1 had pericentral retinitis pigmentosa (for which the genetic cause of disease was undefined), 1 had Refsum disease with confirmed biallelic PHYH mutations, 1 had a CRB1-associated macular dystrophy, and 1 had CERKL-associated macular dystrophy. There was no evidence of ocular inflammation from history, examination, or laboratory testing to account for the FA findings. Of the 19 patients without significant leakage, 4 had minimal leakage and 15 had no peripheral leakage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peripheral retinal vascular leakage can be seen on ultra-widefield FA in patients with IRD that is likely due to the IRD disease process itself rather than to an additional, distinct eye condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2474126420951988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T05:15:54Z","timestamp":1600665354000},"page":"147-156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Peripheral Leakage on Ultra-Widefield Fluorescein Angiography in Patients With Inherited Retinal Degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Elli A.","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel M.","family":"Huckfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason I.","family":"Comander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Sobrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2474126420951988","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(00)00195-7"},{"key":"bibr2-2474126420951988","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2014.172"},{"key":"bibr3-2474126420951988","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-020-0759-8"},{"key":"bibr4-2474126420951988","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(86)90831-7"},{"issue":"15","key":"bibr5-2474126420951988","first-page":"4018","volume":"54","author":"Kaufman M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"13","key":"bibr6-2474126420951988","first-page":"4044","volume":"51","author":"Miller KV","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis 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