{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:05:18Z","timestamp":1790697918670,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696809600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: To highlight clinical and imaging features of 5 patients diagnosed with retinal vasculitis and cryoglobulins. Methods: This retrospective case series describes clinical and angiographic features of retinal vasculitis and serum cryoglobulins and is the most extensive series to our knowledge. Results: Five female patients were diagnosed with retinal vasculitis and serum cryoglobulins. The average age at time of cryoglobulin identification was 46 years (range, 28-72 years), although retinal vasculitis had been present for various durations. Fluorescein angiograms demonstrated large-vessel and small-vessel segmental leakage in 3 patients, only large-vessel segmental leakage in 1 patient, and only small-vessel segmental leakage in 1 patient. Treatment included topical steroids, intraocular steroid injections, oral corticosteroids, oral antimetabolites, and biologic therapy. At the time of this report, 4 of 5 patients had persistent angiographic leakage; however, none had retinal vascular occlusions. Conclusions: Various treatments were efficacious, although resolution was difficult. No patient experienced retinal vascular occlusions or other types of end-organ compromise.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/24741264231203788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T06:22:49Z","timestamp":1696832569000},"page":"181-185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cryoglobulin-Associated Retinal Vasculitis: Retrospective Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Claire","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Medical School, Twin Cities Campus, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talhah","family":"Zubair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Monteagudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8650-6779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sahar","family":"Lotfi-Emran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Yamanuha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-24741264231203788","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2022.280953"},{"key":"bibr2-24741264231203788","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2019.01.016"},{"key":"bibr3-24741264231203788","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2015.02.017"},{"key":"bibr4-24741264231203788","unstructured":"Bhandari J, Awais M, Aeddula N. 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