{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:04:13Z","timestamp":1790697853814,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Purpose:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To better understand patient experiences associated with intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection techniques.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A total of 1111 patients receiving anti-VEGF injections at 5 Retina Consultants of Texas clinic locations completed surveys about their experiences during and after injection. Responses were compared using\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                    -test, analysis of variance, and Tukey-Kramer test.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Patients rated overall discomfort with injection techniques as a mean visual analog scale score &lt; 2 (scale 1\u201310, ranging from mild to worst possible). Techniques for anesthetization, lid retraction, and povidone\u2013iodine application varied. Lidocaine pledgets were associated with the most discomfort (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .05). Patient preference was significantly higher for manual lid retraction over speculum use (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .0017). Betadine-soaked cotton tips were considered significantly more comfortable than povidone\u2013iodine drops, and drops more comfortable than povidone\u2013iodine swabs (each\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .05). Regarding side effects ever experienced after injection, subconjunctival hemorrhages were reported by 64.0% of participants (n = 702), floaters by 64.4% (n = 685), and eye irritation by 51.1% (n = 530), resolving within 2 days for 37.9% (n = 215), 51.1% (n = 334), and 48.6% (n = 254), respectively. Of returning participants, 41.1% found injections administered by physicians on the survey day more comfortable than injections administered by previous physicians. Common complaints included inadequate anesthesia and irritation from povidone\u2013iodine.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Most patients tolerate anti-VEGF injections well, with minimal side effects. Surveyed patients preferred topical gel or subconjunctival injections, manual lid retraction, and povidone\u2013iodine-soaked cotton tips. Future studies may consider the safety associated with each technique.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/24741264251374599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T06:09:35Z","timestamp":1761890975000},"page":"57-67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Patient-Reported Experiences and Comfort Associated With Intravitreal Injection Technique: A Cross-Sectional Survey Approach"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6947-906X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elahhe R.","family":"Afkhamnejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zainub A.","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orion M.Q.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankoor R.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Effie Z.","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tien P.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles C.","family":"Wykoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Benz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A.","family":"Pearce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vy T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Y.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4453-9337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth C.","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard H.","family":"Fish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of Texas, Bellaire, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sagar B.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Consultants of 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