{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:46:07Z","timestamp":1792032367795,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Purpose:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To compare the costs and reimbursement rates of retinal detachment (RD) repair surgeries in pediatric vs adult patients.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes for scleral buckle (67107), standard RD repair (67108), and complex RD repair (67113) from January 2017 to May 2024 were extracted. A total of 103 pediatric cases and 549 adult cases were included. A cost analysis was performed using the time-driven activity-based costing methodology.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    For scleral buckles, total costs were not significantly different between the pediatric and adult groups ($8,884.23 vs $7,878.26, respectively;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .14). For standard RD repair, there was a significant difference in total material costs ($1,366.71 vs $1,023.66;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .0013), grand total costs ($8,163.56 vs $5,076.18;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .001), and day-of-surgery time costs ($6,796.87 vs $4,087.74;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .001) for pediatric vs adult cases, respectively. For complex RD repair, grand total costs ($10,261.2 vs $9,528;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .14) were equivalent. Net margins of RD repair under Medicare were \u2212$3,296.52 and \u2212$2,323.55 for scleral buckle, \u2212$2,568.45 and +$430.93 for standard pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) repair, and \u2212$4,467.92 and \u2212$3,745.72 for complex PPV repair, for pediatric and adult patients, respectively.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Pediatric standard vitrectomy had 60.8% higher total costs compared with that of adults. There was a net margin loss for standard PPV in pediatric patients (\u2212$2,568.45), with only 68.5% of costs covered under Medicare. Net margin losses were also observed for complex RD repairs in both pediatric (\u2212$4,467.92) and adult surgeries (\u2212$3,745.72), with 56.4% and 60.7% of the costs covered under Medicare, respectively. Pediatric standard vitrectomy, scleral buckle, and complex PPV had greater losses compared with adult surgeries.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/24741264261445240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T01:34:17Z","timestamp":1778895257000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative Cost Analysis of Pediatric and Adult Retinal Detachment Repairs Using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Warren W.","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8629-1889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salma","family":"Fleifil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Portney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cagri G.","family":"Besirli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5785-817X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nita G.","family":"Valikodath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/TJO.TJO_123_18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18240\/IJO.2018.02.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000650"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20230620-02"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20191101-01"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20250321-01"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20220817-01"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20221108-01"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/CUREUS.60062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/LARY.30366"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JPEDSURG.2016.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/PEDS.2021-051194\/179771"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ORET.2023.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/24741264241279624"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"Kaplan RS Porter ME. 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