{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:05:41Z","timestamp":1790697941536,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Purpose:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To describe the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in a series of patients following blunt trauma from a soccer ball.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    : A retrospective case series was performed of 7 patients presenting with macular commotio.\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Spectral-domain OCT demonstrated foveal hyperreflectivity with an hourglass configuration in all cases. Other OCT findings included irregularity of the outer retinal layers and angular sign of Henle fiber layer hyperreflectivity. These imaging findings resolved within 2 to 6 weeks. The mean final best-corrected visual acuity was 20\/20.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Blunt trauma from a soccer may produce a characteristic foveal pattern of hyperreflectivity, for which we propose the term \u201chourglass sign\u201d in the setting of macular commotio. This configuration likely reflects the underlying anatomy of the foveal M\u00fcller cell cone and may represent a forme fruste macular hole without associated vitreomacular traction. The visual prognosis appears excellent.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/24741264261448444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T14:19:56Z","timestamp":1779200396000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Hourglass Sign on Optical Coherence Tomography in Soccer-Related Blunt Ocular Trauma"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9053-4089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Carrera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"East Bay Retina Consultants, Oakland, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7496-5118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danny A.","family":"Mammo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaid","family":"Mammo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Coast Retina Medical Group, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Michael","family":"Jumper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Coast Retina Medical Group, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Brinton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East Bay Retina Consultants, Oakland, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1688-3894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesse J.","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East Bay Retina Consultants, Oakland, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2016.11.027"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"604","article-title":"Soccer ball-related retinal injuries: a report of 13 cases","volume":"20","author":"Horn EP","year":"2000","unstructured":"Horn EP, McDonald HR, Johnson RN, et al. 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