{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:53:41Z","timestamp":1790924021530,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Silber TARGET fund"},{"name":"J. Arch McNamara Research Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effect of topical bromfenac 0.09% on pain following intravitreal (IVT) injection of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications in patients diagnosed as having choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration or other etiologies, diabetic macular edema, diabetic retinopathy, or macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 78 adult patients scheduled to receive bilateral anti-VEGF IVT injections were randomized to receive topical bromfenac 0.09% in 1 eye and artificial tears in the fellow eye (control) immediately before the anti-VEGF treatment at 2 academic institutions from March 2021 to June 2022. Pain was evaluated using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (score range, 0\u201310) and the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (score range, 0\u20135) at baseline (preinjection) and 5 minutes, 6 hours, and 24 hours following injection. Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test was used for statistical comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 156 eyes were analyzed. Mean baseline pain scores were similar between the bromfenac 0.09% and control groups. Five minutes after injection, eyes randomized to receive bromfenac 0.09% had significantly less pain compared with control eyes receiving artificial tears, on both the Wong-Baker FACES scale (mean raw score, 2.29 vs 2.79;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .0275) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire (mean raw score, 1.13 vs 2.36;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .0135). No significant difference in pain scores was noted at 6 hours or 24 hours post\u2013IVT injection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bromfenac 0.09% solution administered to the study eye before IVT anti-VEGF injection reduced pain 5 minutes after injection in comparison with artificial tears. There was no difference in pain between the 2 groups at 6 hours or 24 hours post\u2013IVT injection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/24741264261464998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T10:42:17Z","timestamp":1790592137000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Topical Bromfenac 0.09% on Pain Following Intravitreal Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Injections"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8063-8636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Achuck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wills Eye Physicians-Mid Atlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA"},{"name":"Thomas Jefferson University Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MidAtlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Solish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marko","family":"Popovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Felfeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajeev","family":"Muni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chirag","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darrell","family":"Baskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage, AK, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2761-4219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wills Eye Physicians-Mid Atlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunir","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wills Eye Physicians-Mid Atlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-38934-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12802"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S24358"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2020.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182252ad3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000147"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200767090-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joco.2019.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S46667"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2016.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85495-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2018.0113"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001137"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(87)91074-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31827b2299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0897-1897(98)80229-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182a0e611"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000004085"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2019.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2020.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2020.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. FDA drug shortages. 2023. Accessed August 21 2023. https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/drugshortages\/default.cfm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/0004-2749.20150008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181eac724"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003824"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2019.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2014.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.04.018"}],"container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/24741264261464998","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/24741264261464998","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/24741264261464998","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:16:29Z","timestamp":1790921789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/24741264261464998"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/24741264261464998"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/24741264261464998","relation":{},"ISSN":["2474-1264","2474-1272"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2474-1264","type":"print"},{"value":"2474-1272","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"article-number":"24741264261464998"}}