{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T02:08:52Z","timestamp":1773367732747,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> As a part of a measles and rubella (MR) campaign, the MR vaccine replaced the two-dose measles vaccine at 9\u201312\u2009months and 16\u201324\u2009months of age under the Universal Immunization Program (UIP). Although adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) following the measles and MMR vaccine at 9\u2009months of age have been studied, AEFIs following the MR vaccine at 9\u2009months of age have not been studied. As the MR vaccine a is very recent introduction in the UIP for routine immunization at 9\u2009months of age, we intend to investigate the AEFI profile of MR vaccination at 9\u2009months of age by active surveillance. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title><jats:p> We aimed to study the profile of the AEFIs with MR vaccine at 9-12\u2009months of age in children vaccinated at the immunization clinic at the Pediatrics Department of a tertiary care hospital in East Delhi, India. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Our study was a prospective observational study (telephonic survey). Children who attended Pediatrics OPD for the first dose of the MR vaccine at 9\u201312\u2009months of age were enrolled in the study. Demographic details of the children who received the first dose of MR vaccine at 9\u201312\u2009months of age at the immunization clinic of the hospital were recorded in a case record form. A telephone survey was conducted on day 7 and day 30 post-vaccination for AEFIs. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result:<\/jats:title><jats:p> A total of 278 children were enrolled in the study, but 7 were unavailable for the further telephone survey. A total of 42 (15.5%) AEFIs were reported, of which 39 (94%) were in the initial 7\u2009days and 3 (6%) were in the following 21\u2009days following immunization. Of the AEFIs reported, the most common symptom was fever (38%), followed by upper respiratory tract infection (30.9%), local swelling at injection site (26.1%), and skin rash (4%). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> MR vaccine introduced in National Immunization Schedule is found to be safe for use in children except for a few minor reactions. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2515135520940131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T10:40:21Z","timestamp":1594118421000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Profile of adverse events following immunization with measles rubella vaccine at a tertiary care hospital in East Delhi, India"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Eshita","family":"Bhowmik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7756-4216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaradhana","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Sachan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2515135520940131","unstructured":"World Health Organization. India\u2019s measles-rubella vaccination campaign a big step towards reducing childhood mortality, addressing birth defects, https:\/\/www.who.int\/southeastasia\/news\/detail\/05-02-2017-india-s-measles-rubella-vaccination-campaign-a-big-step-towards-reducing-childhood-mortality-addressing-birth-defects (2016, accessed April 2020)."},{"key":"bibr2-2515135520940131","unstructured":"International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF. National family health survey (NFHS-4), 2015-16. Mumbai, India: IIPS, http:\/\/rchiips.org\/nfhs\/pdf\/NFHS4\/India.pdf (2017, accessed April 2020)."},{"key":"bibr3-2515135520940131","unstructured":"WHO & UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2018 revision, https:\/\/www.who.int\/immunization\/monitoring_surveillance\/data\/ind.pdf (accessed April 2020)."},{"key":"bibr4-2515135520940131","author":"Ministry of Health &amp; Family Welfare Government of India","year":"2017","journal-title":"Introduction of measles rubella vaccine (campaign and routine immunization)"},{"key":"bibr5-2515135520940131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-557X.106413"},{"key":"bibr6-2515135520940131","first-page":"1066","volume":"55","author":"Balasubramanian S","year":"2018","journal-title":"et al"},{"key":"bibr7-2515135520940131","unstructured":"Gavi: The Vaccine Alliance. MR vaccine supply and procurement roadmap UPDATE November 2017, https:\/\/www.gavi.org\/sites\/default\/files\/document\/measles-rubella-vaccine-roadmap\u2014public-summarypdf.pdf (accessed January 2020)."},{"key":"bibr8-2515135520940131","unstructured":"Definition and application of terms for vaccine pharmacovigilance: report of CIOMS\/WHO working group on pharmacovigilance, http:\/\/file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/Aiims%2044\/Desktop\/vaccine%20pharmacovigilance\/CIOMS_report_WG_vaccine.pdf (accessed 26 September 2018)."},{"key":"bibr9-2515135520940131","unstructured":"AEFI: surveillance and response. Operational guideline 2015. Ministry of health & family welfare, Government of India, https:\/\/nhm.gov.in\/New_Updates_2018\/NHM_Components\/Immunization\/Guildelines_for_immunization\/AEFI_Surveillance_and_Response_Operational_Guidelines_2015.pdf (accessed January 2020)."},{"key":"bibr10-2515135520940131","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Information sheet: observed rate of vaccine reactions; measles mumps and rubella vaccines, https:\/\/www.who.int\/vaccine_safety\/initiative\/tools\/MMR_vaccine_rates_information_sheet.pdf (2014, accessed April 2020)."},{"key":"bibr11-2515135520940131","unstructured":"Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Food and Drug Administration. Vaccine adverse event reporting system. VAERS form, https:\/\/vaers.hhs.gov\/resources\/vaers_form.pdf (accessed January 2020)."},{"key":"bibr12-2515135520940131","unstructured":"Dutt A, Banka R. HC orders deferring MR vaccine campaign in Delhi after parents\u2019 objection. Hindustan Times New Delhi [newspaper online], https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/delhi-news\/hc-orders-deferring-mr-vaccine-campaign-in-delhi-after-parents-objection\/story-lQ9L6q0vCiEwiimAWviSAP.html (2019, accessed April 2020)."},{"key":"bibr13-2515135520940131","unstructured":"National Vaccine Policy, New Delhi, Government of India, Ministry of health and family welfare, http:\/\/mohfw.nic.in\/WriteReadData\/l892s\/1084811197NATIONAL%20VACCINE%20POLICY%20BOOK.pdf (2011, accessed January 2020)."},{"key":"bibr14-2515135520940131","first-page":"983","volume":"32","author":"Bhargava I","year":"1995","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"bibr15-2515135520940131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2017.1302629","volume":"13","author":"Sood A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"bibr16-2515135520940131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/ijmsph.2013.2.62-68"},{"key":"bibr17-2515135520940131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2319-2003.ijbcp20161423"},{"key":"bibr18-2515135520940131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181a6a511"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2515135520940131","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2515135520940131","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2515135520940131","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T05:44:29Z","timestamp":1740980669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2515135520940131"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2515135520940131"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2515135520940131","relation":{},"ISSN":["2515-1355","2515-1363"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2515-1355","type":"print"},{"value":"2515-1363","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"article-number":"2515135520940131"}}