{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:55:50Z","timestamp":1777881350865,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmol Eye Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by sicca symptoms and various extraglandular manifestations including vasculitis. Neurological involvement occurs frequently (Neuro-Sj\u00f6gren) and often mimics immune neuropathies such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aim to assess relevant differences in vessel density (VD) in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in those diseases to use it as an easily available diagnostic tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, monocentric pilot-study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OCTA (Heidelberg Engineering OCT SPECTRALIS) of the superficial vascular plexus, intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) of the retina was prospectively performed in Neuro-Sj\u00f6gren, age-matched CIDP patients ( n\u2009=\u200931, each), and healthy controls ( n\u2009=\u200930). Vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was measured with Erlangen Angio Tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significantly lower VD were found for the DCP and ICP in Neuro-Sj\u00f6gren and CIDP patients compared to healthy controls ( p\u2009=\u20090.0002 and &lt;0.0001). When group comparison was age-adjusted, these differences were not found anymore. Different frequencies of \u201clow\u201d retinal blood flow in each layer comparing Neuro-Sj\u00f6gren and CIDP patients were not found. FAZ revealed no significant differences between patients with Neuro-Sj\u00f6gren, CIDP and healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study found no significant differences in VD or the foveal avascular zone between Neuro-Sj\u00f6gren and CIDP patients using OCTA, suggesting that inflammatory vascular changes in the retina are uncommon in Neuro-Sj\u00f6gren patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/25158414241294024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T09:57:24Z","timestamp":1730368644000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optical coherence tomography angiography to assess for retinal vascular changes in Neuro-Sj\u00f6gren"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8402-2818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"Haar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Stra\u00dfe 1, Hannover 30625, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franz Felix","family":"Konen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marten A.","family":"Gehlhaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Oluwatoba-Popoola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Donicova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marija","family":"Wachsmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Lubbad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Hufendiek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amelie","family":"Pielen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Hohberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Universit\u00e4tsklinkum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Mardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Universit\u00e4tsklinkum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Gingele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nils K.","family":"Prenzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Ernst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torsten","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Framme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Skripuletz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tabea","family":"Seeliger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bajor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 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SPECTRALIS Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA): principles and clinical applications. 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