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However, its role in memory remains unclear. This study investigated whether the insula contributes directly to memory consolidation or is indirectly involved in memory-related brain regions. We systematically increased diagnostic specificity in memory-impaired patients to assess the role of the insula in memory. Gyrification of the insula was associated with memory consolidation in A\u03b2+ individuals, only in combination with hippocampal atrophy. 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