{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T13:10:37Z","timestamp":1778159437930,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004489","name":"Mitacs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004489","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008986","name":"University of Guelph","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008986","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) plaques in the brain. In early pathological conditions, A\u03b2 oligomers localize in mitochondria to promote disease progression by causing mitochondrial dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Establish a robust AD pathological\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      model and assess the therapeutic effect of spermidine (SPD) against extracellular A\u03b2 oligomers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, high-resolution respirometry, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting techniques were used to characterize the negative effects of A\u03b2 oligomer localization in mitochondria and assess the potential neuroprotective effects of SPD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oligomeric A\u03b2 accumulates in and causes mitochondrial dysfunction, as evidenced by increased mitochondrial superoxide production, decreased mitochondrial mass, and decreased maximal mitochondrial respiration and spare reserve capacity. SPD, an endogenously produced polyamine that can also be provided through exogenous supplementation, improved these markers and protected mitochondria of oligomer-treated cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      SPD ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction caused by A\u03b2 oligomers\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/25424823261449500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T12:16:14Z","timestamp":1778156174000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spermidine protects mitochondria against amyloid-\u03b2 oligomers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Drake","family":"Mosca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Guelph"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Parfenova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Guelph"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Bie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Guelph"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Mutsaers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Guelph"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2431-4368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul A","family":"Spagnuolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of 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