{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T10:23:45Z","timestamp":1787135025178,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cannabis &amp; Cannabinoid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are commonly used for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Nearly two-thirds of women on AIs have arthralgias, joint stiffness, and\/or bone pains referred to as aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal syndrome (AIMSS), leading to poor adherence. Preclinical and clinical data suggest topical cannabinoids can reduce inflammation in arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a randomized trial assessing feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of topical cannabis for women with stage 1\u20133 breast cancer experiencing AIMSS. Women were randomized 1:1 to cannabidiol (CBD) vs. delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) balms. The balm was applied three times daily to hands for 2 weeks, followed by a 2-week extension with the balm of their choice. Modified Score for the Assessment and Quantification of Chronic Rheumatoid Affectations of the Hands (M-SACRAH), brief pain inventory, and skin toxicity measures were captured weekly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 21 women completed the study over 14 months. The mean age was 54, 86% White, 43% received adjuvant chemotherapy, and 48% reported no lifetime cannabis use. Compliance was high, with 71% continuing an additional 2 weeks and 86% of weekly surveys completed. We found 86% of participants reported improvement in M-SACRAH from baseline to week 2 with a higher percentage of the THC balm group reporting a &gt;50% improvement (50% vs. 18%). Minor skin irritation was reported by 24%, and one patient discontinued balm due to \u201cgreasy\u201d texture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conducting a randomized trial of topical cannabis using state-approved dispensaries is feasible. Both THC and CBD balms are well tolerated. Placebo-controlled trials are needed to determine if balms can reduce AIMSS severity in breast cancer survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/25785125251398286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T07:19:23Z","timestamp":1767079163000},"page":"30-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Randomized, Open-Label Trial to Assess Feasibility and Tolerability of Topical Cannabis Balms for the Treatment of Aromatase Inhibitor-Associated Musculoskeletal Syndrome (AIMSS)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Dylan","family":"Zylla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HealthPartners Institute Cancer Research Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dame","family":"Idossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Borrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Char","family":"Napurski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Dahmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrew Weil Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Cowger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HealthPartners Institute Cancer Research Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Gilmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HealthPartners Institute Cancer Research Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianghua","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Health Data Science in School of Public Health and Biostatistics Core in Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Birnbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne H.","family":"Blaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61074-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3816\/CBC.2007.n.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.74.6651"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.57.1547"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6736"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20120242"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2022.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62428-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh360"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-021-06301-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000583"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.23.4708"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-012-1628-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JOP.18.00562"}],"container-title":["Cannabis &amp; 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