{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:35:23Z","timestamp":1792787723648,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Justice","award":["15PNIJ-23-GG-01421-COAP"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15PNIJ-23-GG-01421-COAP"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00v8p7w89","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cannabis &amp; Cannabinoid Research"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Use of cannabinoid vape products during pregnancy is a major public health concern.\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mo>\u0394<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive constituent in cannabis, is rapidly absorbed after inhalation and transferred to the fetal brain. We developed a novel model of prenatal cannabinoid exposure (PCE) comprising THC vapor exposure across the human-equivalent full-term prenatal period in rats. This study examined gestational\/parturitional outcomes and the distribution and metabolism of THC in maternal and filial blood and brains using this model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to THC (200 mg\/mL,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 13) or vehicle (100% propylene glycol,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 8) vapor daily during gestation until postnatal day (PD) 10 (i.e., human-equivalent full-term). Pups were exposed directly in the postnatal period. Gestational\/parturitional assessments included dam food intake, dam and pup body weights, total gestation days, litter size, and sex ratio. Subsets of THC-exposed dams and pups were sampled immediately postvapor on gestational day (GD) 20 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4 dams, 24 pups) or PD 10 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2 dams, 33 pups) to quantify THC and its metabolites (11-hydroxy-\u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol [11-OH-THC], and 11-nor-9-carboxy-\u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol [THCCOOH]) concentrations in the brain (dams and pups) and plasma (dams).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>THC decreased dam food intake and total gestation days compared to controls. THC concentrations in dam plasma and brain were 14.8 \u00b1 47.8 ng\/mL and 80.5 \u00b1 38.6 ng\/g on GD 20 and 68.9 \u00b1 25.0 ng\/mL and 125.0 \u00b1 4.2 ng\/g on PD 10. Birth weights were not different between THC-exposed offspring and controls, but postnatal weights were decreased. On GD 20, fetal brain THC, 11-OH-THC, and THCCOOH concentrations were 12 \u00b1 5%, 118 \u00b1 7%, and 75 \u00b1 34% of maternal plasma. On PD 10, pup brain THC and 11-OH-THC concentrations were 29.6 \u00b1 8.5 and 9.8 \u00b1 2.1 ng\/g. THCCOOH was not detected in PD 10 pup brain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>THC readily transferred from dams to pup brains during gestation in our full-term vapor exposure model. High THC and 11-OH-THC concentrations were detected in pup brains at both timepoints. This novel model is a valuable tool to investigate long-term effects of full-term PCE on offspring brain development and behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/25785125261493191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:23:23Z","timestamp":1791433403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Advancing a Pre-Clinical Model of Full-Term Prenatal Exposure to Vaporized \u03949-Tetrahydrocannabinol"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8796-5838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan W.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Behavioral Biology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine 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