{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:58:50Z","timestamp":1777881530895,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Photobiomodulation Valeda (PBM-Valeda) is a novel therapeutic approach for dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The primary objective of this short-term study was to conduct an analysis of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and evaluate of biomarkers using state-of-the-art high-resolution imaging with swept-source optical coherence tomography OCT (SS-OCT) and OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) in dry AMD patients treated with PBM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series pilot study examined the following biomarkers before and after PBM treatment: BCVA, central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT), capillary density (CD), avascular area of the superficial plexus (AASP), and avascular area of the deep plexus (AADP). All parameters were assessed at baseline and 1 week after treatment. A questionnaire (exploratory, not a validated endpoint) was carried out at the end of the treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 25 eyes (19 patients), predominantly in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study category II. A statistically significant change in BCVA was observed (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). No statistically significant changes were observed in CMT, SCT, CD, AASP, or AADP (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05). The treatment was well tolerated, with few mild side effects, and no patient developed wet AMD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PBM-Valeda therapy demonstrated a favorable short-term safety profile in patients with dry AMD. The key finding of this study was the stability of SS-OCT and SS-OCTA biomarkers (CMT, SCT, CD, AASP, and AADP), with no adverse changes observed. These results reinforce the short-term safety of PBM. Reported side effects were minimal, with no evidence of retinotoxicity. This is the first prospective study to explore SS-OCT and SS-OCTA biomarkers in patients with dry AMD undergoing PBM therapy, providing preliminary safety data for future controlled trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/25785478251385768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T12:27:12Z","timestamp":1770640032000},"page":"78-87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Swept-Source OCT and OCT Angiography Biomarkers in Dry AMD Treated with Photobiomodulation: A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Marcussi","family":"Palata Rezende","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP), S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."},{"name":"Instituto de Oftalmologia de Presidente Prudente, Presidente Prudente, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Atoui","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Oftalmologia de Presidente Prudente, Presidente Prudente, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Polido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vit\u00f3ria, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Rubens","family":"Belfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP), S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thiago","family":"Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP), S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vit\u00f3ria, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.122.4.564"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-023-00506-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-017-0066-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0801537"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)30846-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.7376"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.26074"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-022-00640-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003980"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","unstructured":"United States Food and Drug Administration. FDA roundup 5 November 2024 Valeda Light Delivery System authorized for dry AMD [Internet]. Silver Spring: FDA; 2024 [cited 2025 Jun 1]. Available from: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-roundup-november-5-2024"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","first-page":"36","article-title":"Photobiomodulation as anInnovative and Promising Treatment for Retinal Disease. Evidence supports its use in ocular disease","volume":"19","author":"Munk MR","year":"2022","unstructured":"Munk MR, , Valter K. Photobiomodulation as anInnovative and Promising Treatment for Retinal Disease. Evidence supports its use in ocular disease. Retin Physician, 2022; 19:36\u201339. https:\/\/retinalphysician.com\/issues\/2022\/april\/photobiomodulation-as-an-innovative-and-promising-treatment-for-retinal-disease\/","journal-title":"Retin Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M409650200"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2010.2789"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","first-page":"387","article-title":"Phototherapy with low-level laser influences the proliferation of endothelial cells and vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta secretion","volume":"64","author":"Szymanska J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Szymanska J, , Goralczyk K, , Klawe JJ, et al. Phototherapy with low-level laser influences the proliferation of endothelial cells and vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta secretion. J Physiol Pharmacol, 2013; 64(3):387\u2013391.","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002632"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003805"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/photob.2021.0005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13354"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","first-page":"CD013029","article-title":"Photobiomodulation for non-exudative age-related macular degeneration","volume":"5","author":"Henein C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Henein C, , Steel DH. Photobiomodulation for non-exudative age-related macular degeneration. 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