{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T22:02:33Z","timestamp":1781215353442,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy for managing oral lichen planus (OLP) and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), including their outcomes and patient satisfaction with the safety profile.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review was conducted by searching electronic databases like PubMed Central, PubMed, Cochrane, CrossRef, Google Scholar, and Embase. Articles published until June 2025 were reviewed using MeSH (Medical Subject Heading) and various combinations of the keywords: oral lichen planus, Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis, photobiomodulation therapy, and conventional drug therapy. We considered two different outcomes, such as pain and the size of the lesion. Due to the heterogeneity of the data, we did not conduct any statistical analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Initially, 560 publications were selected for this review article, and after analyzing all these, only 12 articles fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In all those studies, the laser wavelength, power output, and duration of irradiation changed between 630\u2013980 m, 20\u201330 mW, and 10 sec\u201315 min have been described. Topical medications used in the comparative group were amlexanox, triamcinolone acetonide, granofurin, and socosenyl. Our findings showed that the photobiomodulation laser group is more effective for decreasing the pain and lesion size of RAS and OLP in comparison with the topical medication group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We can conclude that photobiomodulation therapy was better for treating RAS and OLP with greater healing, patient satisfaction, and lower recurrence rate in comparison with other topical drug therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/25785478261446504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T02:16:16Z","timestamp":1780971376000},"page":"414-426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Diode Laser Therapy in Managing Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis and Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Tasnia","family":"Habib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology and Oral Pathology, Udayan Dental College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. M. Shahinul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahsinul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8911-276X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Afroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manna Haque","family":"Akhanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics, Sylhet Central Dental College, Sylhet, Bangladesh."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatema","family":"Akhter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Clinical study to know the efficacy of Amlexanox5% with other topical antiseptic, analgesic and anesthetic agents in treating minor RAS","volume":"6","author":"Darshan DD","year":"2014","unstructured":"1.Darshan DD, , Kumar CN, , Kumar AD, , Manikantan NS, , Balakrishnan D, , Uthkal MP. Clinical study to know the efficacy of Amlexanox5% with other topical antiseptic, analgesic and anesthetic agents in treating minor RAS. J Int Oral Health 2014;6:5\u201311.","journal-title":"J Int Oral Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/150412"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/695642"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-017-2184-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2010.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","first-page":"207","article-title":"The prevalence of oral aphthosis in a normal population in Iran: A WHO-ILAR COPCORD study","volume":"11","author":"Davatchi F","year":"2008","unstructured":"6.Davatchi F, , Tehrani-Banihashemi A, , Jamshidi AR, et al. The prevalence of oral aphthosis in a normal population in Iran: A WHO-ILAR COPCORD study. Arch Iran Med 2008;11:207\u2013209.","journal-title":"Arch Iran Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2007.00589.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-013-0261-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12232"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.51401"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2007.07.201"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2012.01134.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.86669"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V41N10p463"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","first-page":"191","article-title":"Comparison of treatment results of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) with low-and high-power laser irradiation vs a pharmaceutical method (5-year study)","volume":"4","author":"Bladowski M","year":"2004","unstructured":"15.Bladowski M, , Konarska-Choroszucha H, , Choroszucha T. Comparison of treatment results of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) with low-and high-power laser irradiation vs a pharmaceutical method (5-year study). The J of Oral Laser Appli 2004;4(3):191\u2013209.","journal-title":"The J of Oral Laser Appli"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(90)90266-u"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","volume-title":"Textbook of Oral Pathology","author":"Shafer W","year":"1983","unstructured":"17.Shafer W, , Hine M, , Levy NA. Textbook of Oral Pathology, W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia (USA), 1983."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","article-title":"Clinical\u2032s guide to treatment of common oral conditions","author":"Bottomley WK","year":"1987","unstructured":"18.Bottomley WK, , Rosenberg S. Clinical\u2032s guide to treatment of common oral conditions. Am Aca of Oral Me (Chicago, III, USA) 1987.","journal-title":"Am Aca of Oral Me (Chicago, III, USA)"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199004000-00029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","volume-title":"Oral Patgology, Clinical-Pathological Correlations","author":"Regezi JA","year":"1989","unstructured":"20.Regezi JA, , Sciubba J. Oral Patgology, Clinical-Pathological Correlations, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pa (USA), 1989."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2010.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.19.6.068002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2013.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15171\/jlms.2017.27"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","first-page":"E310","article-title":"Oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions; a critical appraisal with emphasis on the diagnostic aspects","volume":"14","author":"van der Waal I","year":"2009","unstructured":"25.van der Waal I. Oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions; a critical appraisal with emphasis on the diagnostic aspects. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2009;14(7):E310\u2013E314.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2334\/josnusd.50.377"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2011.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_31_19"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.123382"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/adjc.2021.90071.1109"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/ada.2020.98258"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-017-2233-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jiaomr.jiaomr_126_21"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2016.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12148"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-016-2086-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-013-1313-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S281495"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25130\/tjds.2013.1.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2014\/7639.4064"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2014.01.228"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13102818.2014.966526"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-8844.157392"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-2868.170561"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Low level laser therapy for treatment of lichen planus: An original research","volume":"10","author":"Tandon C","year":"2022","unstructured":"46.Tandon C, , Kashyap A, , Aamir M, et al. Low level laser therapy for treatment of lichen planus: An original research. J Adv Med Dent Sci Res 2022;10(1):69\u201372.","journal-title":"J Adv Med Dent Sci Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18231\/j.ijpi.2022.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.idoj_652_22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2020.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3076\/DENTJODS.2021.86623.1202"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17219\/dmp\/122688"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","first-page":"215","article-title":"The comparison of 940 nm and 810 nm diode laser effects on the repair of inferior alveolar sensory nerve injury: A clinical trail","volume":"25","author":"Ebrahim H","year":"2024","unstructured":"52.Ebrahim H, et al. The comparison of 940 nm and 810 nm diode laser effects on the repair of inferior alveolar sensory nerve injury: A clinical trail. J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci 2024;25(3):215\u2013222; doi: 10.30476\/dentjods.2023.97393.2013","journal-title":"J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","first-page":"ZC98","article-title":"Diode laser verversustopicalcorticosteroidsin the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A clinical and pain assessment study","volume":"11","author":"Aggarwal H","year":"2017","unstructured":"53.Aggarwal H, , Sing G, , Kumar P. Diode laser verversustopicalcorticosteroidsin the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A clinical and pain assessment study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017;11(2):ZC98\u2013ZC101.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_1","first-page":"353","article-title":"Laow-level laser therapy for recurrent aphthous ulcers: Arandomi, placebo-controlled clinical trial","author":"Bello-Silva Ms","year":"2010","unstructured":"54.Bello-Silva Ms, , de Freitas PM, , Aranha AC, , Lage-Marques JL. Laow-level laser therapy for recurrent aphthous ulcers: Arandomi, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investing 2010):353\u2013360.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investing"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_4_56_1","first-page":"931","article-title":"Diode Laser as anadjunctive treatment for oral lichen Planus: A randomized control trial","volume":"35","author":"Sattayut S","year":"2020","unstructured":"55.Sattayut S, , Buranarom N, , Vonthonglor T. Diode Laser as anadjunctive treatment for oral lichen Planus: A randomized control trial. Lasers Med Sci 2020;35(4):931\u2013938.","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21474\/IJAR01\/5373"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_58_1","first-page":"595","article-title":"Removal of refractory erosive-atrophic lichen planus by the CO2 laser","volume":"13","author":"Pakfetrat A","year":"2014","unstructured":"57.Pakfetrat A, , Falaki F, , Ahrari F, , Bidad S. Removal of refractory erosive-atrophic lichen planus by the CO2 laser. Oral Health Dent Manag 2014;13(3):595\u2013599.","journal-title":"Oral Health Dent Manag"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_4_59_1","first-page":"114","article-title":"A study of the effects of CO2 laser therapy on oral lichen planus (OLP)","volume":"5","author":"Mozafari H","year":"2015","unstructured":"58.Mozafari H, , Farhadzadeh K, , Rezaei F. A study of the effects of CO2 laser therapy on oral lichen planus (OLP). J Appl Environ Biol Sci 2015;5(9S):114\u2013118.","journal-title":"J Appl Environ Biol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1694735"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_61_1","first-page":"e237","article-title":"Outcome of CO2 laser vaporisation for oral potentially malignant disorders treatment","volume":"23","author":"Cloitre A","year":"2018","unstructured":"60.Cloitre A, , Rosa RW, , Arrive E, , Fricain JC. Outcome of CO2 laser vaporisation for oral potentially malignant disorders treatment. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2018;23(2):e237\u2013e247.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_62_1","first-page":"e517","article-title":"Different modalities for treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. A randomized clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Nasry SA","year":"2016","unstructured":"61.Nasry SA, , El Shenawy HM, , Mostafa D, , Ammar NM. Different modalities for treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. A randomized clinical trial. J Clin Exp Dent 2016;8(5):e517\u2013e522.","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_63_1","first-page":"S85","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of low-level laser treatment for recurring aphthous stomatitis","volume":"28","author":"DeSouza TO","year":"2010","unstructured":"62.DeSouza TO, , Martins MA, , Bussadori SK, , Fernandes KP, , TanjiE Y, , Mesquita Ferrari RA. Clinical evaluation of low-level laser treatment for recurring aphthous stomatitis. Photomed Laser Surg 2010;28(2):S85\u2013S88.","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_64_1","first-page":"160","article-title":"Evaluation of low level laser therapy in recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"10","author":"Khademi H","year":"2009","unstructured":"63.Khademi H, , Shirani A, , Nikegbal F. Evaluation of low level laser therapy in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Shiraz Univ Dent. J 2009;10(2):160\u2013162.","journal-title":"Shiraz Univ Dent. J"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_65_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"The effect of low power lasers in healing of oral ulcers","volume":"3","author":"Basirat M","year":"2012","unstructured":"64.Basirat M. The effect of low power lasers in healing of oral ulcers. J Lasers Med Sci 2012;3(2):79\u201383.","journal-title":"J Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2015.06.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.ijd_1170_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2016.12.15941"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2009.2498"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_70_1","first-page":"ZE01","article-title":"Efficacy of carbon dioxide laser in treating oral lichen planus-A scoping review","volume":"17","author":"Beulah JM","year":"2023","unstructured":"69.Beulah JM, , Deepthi A, , Gracelin Murugan K, , Deepak JH. Efficacy of carbon dioxide laser in treating oral lichen planus-A scoping review. J Clin of Diagn Res 2023;17(3):ZE01\u2013ZE07.","journal-title":"J Clin of Diagn Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_71_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Managementoforal lichen planus by the application of carbon dioxide laser: A systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Habib T","year":"2024","unstructured":"70.Habib T, , Khondker L, , Kabir H, et al. Managementoforal lichen planus by the application of carbon dioxide laser: A systematic review. JPTCP 2024;31(5):110\u2013121; doi: 10.53555\/jptcp.v31i5.5954","journal-title":"JPTCP"}],"container-title":["Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/25785478261446504","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/25785478261446504","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/25785478261446504","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T21:46:51Z","timestamp":1781214411000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/25785478261446504"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/25785478261446504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/25785478261446504","relation":{},"ISSN":["2578-5478","2578-5478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2578-5478","type":"print"},{"value":"2578-5478","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]}}}