{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T06:06:33Z","timestamp":1785391593802,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Obesity remains a growing public health epidemic that has increased healthcare costs and related comorbidities. Current treatment guidelines encourage a multidisciplinary approach starting from patient selection, interventions, and long-term follow-up to maintain weight loss. However, these conservative interventions are largely ineffective at reducing body weight due to low adherence to the treatment regimen. Recently, endoscopic bariatric therapies have become an attractive alternative to traditional invasive bariatric surgeries due to their improved efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. Endoscopic bariatric therapies include intragastric balloon placement, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, gastric bypass revision, and aspiration therapy. These procedures fall into two separate categories depending on the primary mechanism involved: restrictive or malabsorptive. Restrictive methods, such as the Orbera\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    and ReShape\u2122 intragastric balloons, increase satiation and delay gastric emptying while decreasing the amount of food that can be ingested. In contrast, malabsorptive devices, such as the EndoBarrier\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    , interfere with the small intestine\u2019s ability to absorb food while restoring normal gastrointestinal hormone levels regulating satiation. Together, these techniques provide useful alternatives for patients in whom pharmacological or lifestyle modifications have proven ineffective. Despite these advantages, the long-term effects of these procedures on metabolic changes remain to be studied. Furthermore, the management of complications from these procedures continues to evolve. In this review, we aim to elaborate on the clinical indications and efficacy of the endobariatric procedures, together with various types of available endoscopic bariatric therapy procedures.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2631774520984627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T21:27:53Z","timestamp":1611610073000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Endobariatric procedures for obesity: clinical indications and available options"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9433-9042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hemant","family":"Goyal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, 501 South Washington Avenue, Scranton, PA 18505, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Kopel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhilash","family":"Perisetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupinder","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Agnes Medical Center, Fresno, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aman","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Commonwealth Medical College, Wilkes Barre General Hospital, Wilkes-Barre, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Tharian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shreyas","family":"Saligram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Advanced Endoscopy, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumant","family":"Inamdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tgh.2019.03.01"},{"key":"bibr2-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2017.272450"},{"key":"bibr3-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.7270"},{"key":"bibr4-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.11.2777"},{"key":"bibr5-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00075-6"},{"key":"bibr6-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2016.170"},{"key":"bibr7-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Moura EGH, Bonotto Orso IR, Costa Martins Bd, et al. Endoscopic treatment of metabolic syndrome. In: Kostner G, Frank S (eds) Lipoproteins \u2013 Role in Health and Diseases. IntechOpen, 2012, https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/books\/lipoproteins-role-in-health-and-diseases\/endoscopic-treatment-of-metabolic-syndrome","DOI":"10.5772\/45989"},{"key":"bibr8-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e328349e240"},{"key":"bibr9-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39385.413113.25"},{"key":"bibr10-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-008-9457-3"},{"key":"bibr11-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000336683"},{"key":"bibr12-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2017.007"},{"key":"bibr13-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2015.10.074"},{"key":"bibr14-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.10.021"},{"key":"bibr15-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i24.5495"},{"key":"bibr16-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2017.022"},{"key":"bibr17-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.03.009"},{"key":"bibr18-2631774520984627","unstructured":"Sharaiha R. Minimally invasive procedure shows promise in combating obesity: digestive disease week, 2019, https:\/\/ddw.org\/2019\/05\/09\/minimally-invasive-procedure-shows-promise-in-combating-obesity\/"},{"key":"bibr19-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2013.3654"},{"key":"bibr20-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0901836"},{"key":"bibr21-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2015.02.023"},{"key":"bibr22-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2019.05.022"},{"key":"bibr23-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.12.030"},{"key":"bibr24-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322073."},{"key":"bibr25-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2015.06.038"},{"key":"bibr26-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2019.07.017"},{"key":"bibr27-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2018.148"},{"key":"bibr28-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.05.034"},{"key":"bibr29-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(89)72839-X"},{"key":"bibr30-2631774520984627","unstructured":"Premarket Approval Garren Gastric Bubble. Medical Devices, Food and Drug Administration, 2020, https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpma\/pma.cfm?start_search=1&applicant=&tradename=&productcode=&pmanumber=P840025&supplementnumber=&advisorycommittee=&docketnumber=&supplementtype=&expeditedreview=&ivdproducts=off&combinationproducts=off&decisiondatefrom=&decisiondateto=&noticedatefrom=&noticedateto=&PAGENUM=500&sortcolumn=pn_desc_sn_desc"},{"key":"bibr31-2631774520984627","unstructured":"Mezo I. Weight loss: FDA panel wants a higher bar for medical devices aimed at curbing obesity. Mass Device, 2020, https:\/\/www.massdevice.com\/weight-loss-fda-panel-wants-higher-bar-medical-devices-aimed-curbing-obesity\/"},{"key":"bibr32-2631774520984627","unstructured":"Premarket Approval Orbera Intragastric Balloon. Medical Devices, Food and Drug Administration, 2020, https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpma\/pma.cfm?id=P140008"},{"key":"bibr33-2631774520984627","unstructured":"Premarket Approval ReShape Integrated Dual Balloon System. Medical Devices, Food and Drug Administration, 2020, https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpma\/pma.cfm?id=P140012"},{"key":"bibr34-2631774520984627","unstructured":"Premarket Approval Obalon Balloon System. Medical Devices, Food and Drug Administration, 2020, https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpma\/pma.cfm?id=P160001"},{"key":"bibr35-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-016-2307-9"},{"key":"bibr36-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-007-9331-8"},{"key":"bibr37-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-017-2636-3"},{"key":"bibr38-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2012.07.007"},{"key":"bibr39-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-011-0424-z"},{"key":"bibr40-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-010-0314-9"},{"key":"bibr41-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-014-1191-4"},{"key":"bibr42-2631774520984627","first-page":"37","volume":"12","author":"\u017burawi\u0144ski W","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne"},{"key":"bibr43-2631774520984627","first-page":"229","volume":"11","author":"Buzga M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne"},{"key":"bibr44-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-008-9592-x"},{"key":"bibr45-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2017.09.528"},{"key":"bibr46-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000247992.89215.88"},{"key":"bibr47-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(16)30211-6"},{"key":"bibr48-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1982.01380290147026"},{"key":"bibr49-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/den.13508"},{"key":"bibr50-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(16)30405-X"},{"key":"bibr51-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2015.03.1964"},{"key":"bibr52-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-012-0829-3"},{"key":"bibr53-2631774520984627","volume":"81","author":"Abu Dayyeh BK","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"bibr54-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-017-0647-z"},{"key":"bibr55-2631774520984627","first-page":"996","volume":"318","author":"Voelker R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"bibr56-2631774520984627","unstructured":"FDA. UPDATE: potential risks with liquid-filled intragastric balloons \u2013 letter to health care providers, 2020, https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/medical-devices\/letters-health-care-providers\/update-potential-risks-liquid-filled-intragastric-balloons-letter-health-care-providers-1"},{"key":"bibr57-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-014-1176-3"},{"key":"bibr58-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000505394"},{"key":"bibr59-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-008-9786-2"},{"key":"bibr60-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2018.140"},{"key":"bibr61-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-018-3167-2"},{"key":"bibr62-2631774520984627","unstructured":"Premarket Approval TransPyloric Shuttle\/TransPyloric Shuttle Delivery Device. Medical Devices, Food and Drug Administration, 2020, https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpma\/pma.cfm?id=P180024"},{"key":"bibr63-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2018.143"},{"key":"bibr64-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-013-0937-8"},{"key":"bibr65-2631774520984627","unstructured":"Premarket Approval AspireAssist. Medical Devices, Food and Drug Administration, 2016, https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpma\/pma.cfm?id=P150024"},{"key":"bibr66-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(16)30406-1"},{"key":"bibr67-2631774520984627","first-page":"547","volume":"13","author":"Sharaiha R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"bibr68-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.08.046"},{"key":"bibr69-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-6720201700010006"},{"key":"bibr70-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.12.012"},{"key":"bibr71-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.08.030"},{"key":"bibr72-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-018-3135-x"},{"key":"bibr73-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.12.012"},{"key":"bibr74-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-017-2693-7"},{"key":"bibr75-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17235\/reed.2016.3988\/2015"},{"key":"bibr76-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2017.08.014"},{"key":"bibr77-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5869-2"},{"key":"bibr78-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0630-1224"},{"key":"bibr79-2631774520984627","first-page":"1","volume":"13","author":"Orlandini B","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther Adv Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"bibr80-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pruijssers S, Heurn E, Bouvy N. Endoluminal techniques to treat obesity. In: S\u00e1nchez Margallo M, S\u00e1nchez-Margallo JA (eds) Recent advances in laparoscopic surgery. IntechOpen, 2019, https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/books\/recent-advances-in-laparoscopic-surgery\/endoluminal-techniques-to-treat-obesity","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.82733"},{"key":"bibr81-2631774520984627","volume":"50","author":"Wallstabe I","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"bibr82-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322026."},{"key":"bibr83-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-020-04915-4."},{"key":"bibr84-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-019-04010-3"},{"key":"bibr85-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-020-04591-4"},{"key":"bibr86-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756284819896179"},{"key":"bibr87-2631774520984627","volume":"7","author":"Glaysher MA","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"key":"bibr88-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-019-04370-w"},{"key":"bibr89-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa066254"},{"key":"bibr90-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2009.79"},{"key":"bibr91-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1401329"},{"key":"bibr92-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318156f012"},{"key":"bibr93-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2007.07.012"},{"key":"bibr94-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12603"},{"key":"bibr95-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-018-3441-3"},{"key":"bibr96-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-019-06752-8"},{"key":"bibr97-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-019-04302-8"},{"key":"bibr98-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-015-4081-5"},{"key":"bibr99-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2016.12.002"},{"key":"bibr100-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0383"},{"key":"bibr101-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-318349"},{"key":"bibr102-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2020.1757429"},{"key":"bibr103-2631774520984627","first-page":"1","volume":"24","author":"Phan J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc UCLA Health"},{"key":"bibr104-2631774520984627","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2016.12.007"},{"key":"bibr105-2631774520984627","first-page":"234","volume":"30","author":"Xavier AT","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obes Surg"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2631774520984627","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2631774520984627","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2631774520984627","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:46:05Z","timestamp":1777391165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2631774520984627"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":105,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2631774520984627"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2631774520984627","relation":{},"ISSN":["2631-7745","2631-7745"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2631-7745","type":"print"},{"value":"2631-7745","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"article-number":"2631774520984627"}}