{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T20:05:44Z","timestamp":1793131544866,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Prevention and Health Promotion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>COVID-19 is the new face of pandemic. Since the discovery of COVID-19 in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, it has spread all over the world and the numbers are increasing day by day. Anyone can be susceptible to this infection but children, older adults, pregnant women, and people with comorbidity are more vulnerable. The spread of coronavirus resulted in closures of schools, businesses, and public spaces worldwide and forced many communities to enact stay at home orders, causing stress to all irrespective of their age, gender, or socioeconomic status. The sudden and unexpected changes caused by the outbreak of coronavirus are overwhelming for both adults and children, causing stress and evoking negative emotions like fear, anxiety, and depression, among different populations. The aim of the paper is to ascertain how stress during this pandemic inculcates various psychological health issues like depression anxiety, OCD, panic behavior, and so on. Further, the paper is an attempt to identify different general as well as population specific coping strategies to reduce the stress level among individuals and prevent various stress-induced psychological disorders with reference to different theories and research articles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/26320770211050058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T14:51:49Z","timestamp":1640789509000},"page":"30-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["COVID-19 Pandemic and Stress: Coping with the New Normal"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Anjana","family":"Bhattacharjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Psychology, Tripura University, Suryamani Nagar, Tripura, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7221-9381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatini","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Psychology, Tripura University, Suryamani Nagar, Tripura, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-021-00175-z"},{"key":"bibr2-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2470547018758043"},{"key":"bibr3-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2020.10.013"},{"key":"bibr4-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13052"},{"key":"bibr5-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/SOCP.149.2.159-178"},{"key":"bibr6-26320770211050058","volume-title":"Unraveling the mystery of health: How people manage stress and stay well","author":"Antonovsky A.","year":"1987"},{"key":"bibr7-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/00989134-20060801-05"},{"key":"bibr8-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(02)00027-2"},{"key":"bibr9-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0001-690X.2003.00246.x"},{"key":"bibr10-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.03.015"},{"key":"bibr11-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240146"},{"key":"bibr12-26320770211050058","unstructured":"Brodeur A., Clark A. E., Fleche S., Powdthavee N. (2004). Assessing the impact of the coronavirus lockdown on unhappiness, loneliness, and boredom using Google Trends. arXiv preprint arXiv:12129 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2004.12129."},{"key":"bibr13-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30460-8"},{"key":"bibr14-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-015-9870-8"},{"key":"bibr15-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-013-0218-6"},{"key":"bibr16-26320770211050058","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020).\n                      U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.\n                      Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/daily-life-coping\/managing-stress-anxiety.html."},{"key":"bibr17-26320770211050058","unstructured":"Chanchani M., Mishra D. (15th April 2020). \u201cMobile apps\u2019 usage spikes in lockdown\u201d. Times of India https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/business\/india-business\/mobile-apps-usage-spikes-in-lockdown\/articleshow\/75148768.cms.13"},{"key":"bibr18-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291704002272"},{"key":"bibr19-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091415017720890"},{"key":"bibr20-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201200470"},{"key":"bibr21-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2056"},{"key":"bibr22-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30088-8"},{"key":"bibr23-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.98.2.310"},{"key":"bibr24-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ipm.2020.47"},{"key":"bibr25-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113347"},{"key":"bibr26-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031201"},{"key":"bibr27-26320770211050058","unstructured":"Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS) (2020). Mental health in the times of COVID-19 Pandemic, guidelines for general medical and specialised mental health care settings (pp. 1\u2013177). National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS). Retrieved from: http:\/\/nimhans.ac.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/MentalHealthIssuesCOVID-19NIMHANS.pdf."},{"key":"bibr28-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/167.Suppl_4.87"},{"key":"bibr29-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30073-0"},{"key":"bibr30-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.05.035"},{"key":"bibr31-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.589966"},{"key":"bibr32-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715000884"},{"key":"bibr33-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1005-9_215"},{"key":"bibr34-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.48.1.150"},{"key":"bibr35-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7312\/mona92982-018"},{"key":"bibr36-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1612197X.2009.9671893"},{"key":"bibr37-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08959420.2020.1750543"},{"key":"bibr38-26320770211050058","volume-title":"Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice","author":"Glanz K.","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr39-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00963402.2016.1216502"},{"key":"bibr40-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0093848"},{"key":"bibr41-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-196901000-00003"},{"key":"bibr42-26320770211050058","volume-title":"Coping and defending: Processes of self-environment organization","author":"Haan N.","year":"1977"},{"key":"bibr43-26320770211050058","first-page":"258","volume-title":"Handbook of stress: Theoretical and Clinical Aspects","author":"Haan N.","year":"1993","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr44-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2014.08.010"},{"key":"bibr45-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.44.3.513"},{"key":"bibr46-26320770211050058","first-page":"322","volume-title":"Handbook of Coping: Theory, Research, Applications","author":"Hobfoll S. E."},{"key":"bibr47-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(67)90010-4"},{"key":"bibr48-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20722"},{"key":"bibr49-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12965\/jer.130082"},{"key":"bibr50-26320770211050058","first-page":"399","volume":"1","author":"Kagan A.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Society, Stress and Disease"},{"key":"bibr51-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47540\/ijsei.v1i2.22"},{"key":"bibr52-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00894383"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr53-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1002\/aps.239","volume":"7","author":"Koenig H. G","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies"},{"key":"bibr54-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638237.2020.1757052"},{"key":"bibr55-26320770211050058","unstructured":"Kuria W. (2012). Coping with age related changes in the elderly. Available at: https:\/\/www.theseus.fi\/handle\/10024\/42261."},{"key":"bibr56-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/DE.40.4.c"},{"key":"bibr57-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1716442"},{"key":"bibr58-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2021.102248"},{"key":"bibr59-26320770211050058","volume-title":"Stress, appraisal, and coping","author":"Lazarus R. S.","year":"1984"},{"key":"bibr60-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/per.2410010304"},{"key":"bibr61-26320770211050058","first-page":"369","volume":"274","author":"Levi L.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Excerpta Medica International Congress Series"},{"key":"bibr62-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2015.09.032"},{"key":"bibr63-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2017.09.015"},{"key":"bibr64-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037873"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr65-26320770211050058","first-page":"313","volume":"2","author":"Loukzadeh Z.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Caring Sciences"},{"key":"bibr66-26320770211050058","volume-title":"The hardy executive: Health under stress","author":"Maddi S. R.","year":"1984"},{"key":"bibr67-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691621989243"},{"key":"bibr68-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdm231"},{"key":"bibr69-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2004.01.010"},{"key":"bibr70-26320770211050058","volume-title":"COVID-19 and your mental health","author":"Mayo Clinic","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr71-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000312"},{"key":"bibr72-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7005a3"},{"key":"bibr73-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2006.03.004"},{"key":"bibr74-26320770211050058","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Government of India (2021). Novel Coronavirus (COVID19). Available from: https:\/\/www.mohfw.gov.in\/pdf\/ProtectivemeasuresEng.pdf."},{"key":"bibr75-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102084"},{"key":"bibr76-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20525\/ijrbs.v9i4.773"},{"key":"bibr77-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2114\/ahs1983.12.379"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr78-26320770211050058","first-page":"42","volume":"4","author":"Naseem Z.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Research & Reflections in Education (JRRE)"},{"key":"bibr79-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(83)90065-X"},{"key":"bibr80-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbaa120"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr81-26320770211050058","first-page":"59","volume":"17","author":"Polizzi C.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"bibr82-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167294204009"},{"key":"bibr83-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102083"},{"key":"bibr84-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102104"},{"key":"bibr85-26320770211050058","volume-title":"The stress of life","author":"Selye H.","year":"1956"},{"key":"bibr86-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7312\/mona92982-007"},{"issue":"17","key":"bibr87-26320770211050058","first-page":"446","volume":"31","author":"Shrilatha S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Purakala with ISSN 0971-2143 is an UGC CARE Journal"},{"key":"bibr88-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130100917"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr89-26320770211050058","first-page":"1053","volume":"8","author":"Sinha S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology"},{"key":"bibr90-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(01)00326-3"},{"key":"bibr91-26320770211050058","first-page":"21","volume":"42","author":"Sunder P.","year":"2020","journal-title":"e-Book On Palliative Care Guidelines For Covid-19 Pandemic"},{"key":"bibr92-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139777"},{"key":"bibr93-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2156869310392793"},{"key":"bibr94-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/074355488721003"},{"key":"bibr95-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764020915212"},{"key":"bibr96-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhm.2011.12.009"},{"key":"bibr97-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12726"},{"key":"bibr98-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.15.158543"},{"key":"bibr99-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2015.1018544"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr100-26320770211050058","first-page":"24","volume":"66","author":"Vieta E.","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr101-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105320919177"},{"key":"bibr102-26320770211050058","volume-title":"Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak, (No. WHO\/2019-nCoV\/Mental Health\/2020.1)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr103-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00243"},{"key":"bibr104-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30046-8"},{"key":"bibr105-26320770211050058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.923921"},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr106-26320770211050058","first-page":"977","volume":"48","author":"Yang L. H.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Singapore Medical Journal"}],"container-title":["Journal of Prevention and Health Promotion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/26320770211050058","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/26320770211050058","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/26320770211050058","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:57:42Z","timestamp":1777597062000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/26320770211050058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/26320770211050058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/26320770211050058","relation":{},"ISSN":["2632-0770","2632-0789"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2632-0770","type":"print"},{"value":"2632-0789","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]]}}}