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Yet, empirical research on community engagement in this field is still limited, particularly the influence of local contexts on engagement patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to identify effective engagement practices and contextual factors influencing the development and sustainability of compassionate communities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research design and method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comparative ethnographic method was used to examine community engagement processes in two culturally distinct compassionate communities in Montr\u00e9al (Canada): Centre-Sud and West Island. Data collection included participant observation, semistructured interviews, and logbooks. Informed by developmental evaluation, the analysis was guided by a thematic lens approach and the Ecology of Engagement framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two distinct, context-sensitive paths to community engagement emerged, shaped by the sociocultural realities of each setting. In Centre-Sud, a grassroots, community-led approach focused on shared leadership and building trust fostered a resilient network that achieved sustainability through the creation of an independent nonprofit organization. In contrast, West Island\u2019s institutionally led strategy was a pragmatic response to navigate contextual barriers like preexisting community distrust, achieving sustainability by embedding the initiative within the lead organization via a permanent staff role.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This comparative ethnography demonstrates that success is not defined by a single model but by adapting engagement strategies to local dynamics of trust and power. It highlights that while community-led approaches can foster deep ownership, institutionally led strategies can provide a crucial pathway to sustainability in contexts facing systemic barriers. The study offers a practical framework for practitioners and key lessons for developing evidence-based policy to support compassionate communities in diverse settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/26323524251400806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T06:00:37Z","timestamp":1765864837000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Community engagement in public health palliative care: A comparative ethnographic study of two culturally distinct compassionate communities in Canada"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9040-5797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c9milie","family":"Lessard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1652-0150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabelle","family":"Marcoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Daneault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de recherche de l\u2019Institut universitaire de g\u00e9riatrie de Montr\u00e9al (CRIUGM), QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Jean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communaut\u00e9 Compatissante Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Lapointe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montreal Institute for Palliative Care, Teresa Dellar Palliative Care Residence, Kirkland, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dale","family":"Weil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montreal Institute for Palliative Care, Teresa Dellar Palliative Care Residence, Kirkland, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghislaine","family":"Rouly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canada Research Chair in Partnership with Patients and Communities, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Libby","family":"Sallnow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, University College London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5399-4075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allan","family":"Kellehear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Boivin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Canada Research Chair in Partnership with Patients and Communities, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780198862994.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02314-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-022-01021-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02692163221077850"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02692163211067363"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"How does community engagement evolve in different compassionate community contexts? 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