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We developed a \u201cWhole-Process Management\u201d (WPM) training program to bridge this gap by reshaping internal medicine residents\u2019 understanding of the cancer care continuum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether a WPM clinical training strategy can transform pessimistic attitudes toward cancer care and foster a more integrated understanding of palliative therapy among internal medicine residents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A pre-post study utilizing semi-structured interviews. Responses were coded using a predefined categorical framework (positive\/negative\/NA) and compared before versus after the intervention to characterize internal medicine residents\u2019 attitudinal shifts regarding cancer curability, treatment toxicity, and the role of palliative care within the cancer care continuum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-seven junior internal medicine residents undergoing oncology rotation at a university-affiliated hospital (January 2022\u2013January 2023) received the WPM intervention. This novel training employed longitudinal patient case tracking and structured reflective seminars to help internal medicine residents view cancer as a chronic condition that can be actively managed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The WPM program significantly reduced pessimistic attitudes. Internal medicine residents recognizing patients in good physical condition increased from 26% to 81% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Perceptions of treatment toxicity (53% vs 4%), ineffectiveness (75% vs 4%), and expense (84% vs 7%) substantially decreased (all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Awareness of tumor curability improved from 5% to 79% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The program also improved attitudes toward palliative care: understanding of hospice care principles increased from 0% to 75% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), willingness to consider hospice care for terminal patients rose from 21% to 84% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and willingness to prescribe opioid analgesics increased from 9% to 93% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The WPM clinical training strategy effectively addresses pessimistic attitudes by transforming internal medicine residents\u2019 clinical perspective from isolated tasks to the patient\u2019s entire journey, thereby enhancing their ability to provide integrated palliative and anti-cancer care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/26323524261436927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T16:15:18Z","timestamp":1775405718000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A whole-process management intervention to transform pessimistic attitudes toward cancer care among internal medicine residents"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2112-0791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Chen","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Examination Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan-Fang","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian-Liang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya-Qin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kou-Xing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang-Yuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Examination Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30127-X"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"203","article-title":"Cancer survival statistics in China 2019\u20132021: a multicenter, population-based study","volume":"4","author":"Zeng H","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zeng H, Zheng R, Sun K, et al. 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