{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T05:51:25Z","timestamp":1792734685087,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23DA060358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23DA060358"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5T32 HP42016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32 HP42016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Implementation Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) experience low treatment retention in primary care. Measurement-based care informed by patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is an evidence-based intervention to improve OUD outcomes. The study explored the key contextual factors to support the future planning of a PROM-based intervention package to improve primary care-based OUD treatment retention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative contextual inquiry used the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model to assess the following contextual domains: Perspective of Intervention Characteristics, Partner Characteristics, and Implementation and Sustainability Infrastructure. Data were collected through interviews with system administrators, clinicians, and patients. Prioritized themes were triangulated with focus groups of community members with lived experience or interest in substance use care. Rapid thematic analysis identified emergent themes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted 21 interviews (6 administrators, 10 clinicians, 5 patients) and two focus groups (22 community members). Fifteen themes emerged which fell into three categories: (1) maintaining patient trust while PROMs are integrated into workflows, (2) perspectives on PROM content and use, and (3) implementation considerations. PROMs were viewed as tools for enhancing communication, tracking recovery in a holistic and individualized way, and informing care decisions at the individual- and system-level. Patients emphasized trust, confidentiality, and potential negative consequences of PROM results being stored in health records. Clinicians highlighted the need for workflow integration and result interpretation support. All groups recommended PROMs be embedded in the electronic health record with collection managed by the integrated substance use treatment counselors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The qualitative contextual inquiry identified partner perspectives relevant to the implementation of PROMs in primary care settings. The patient desire for trust and confidentiality may be at odds with integrating PROM results into existing systems. Continued engagement with implementation partners in a process of co-creation may improve implementation to support patient-centered, recovery-oriented care and enhance retention in primary care settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/26334895261438505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T11:56:53Z","timestamp":1775131013000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Utilizing the Practical Robust, Implementation and Sustainability Model to Explore the Primary Care Setting Contextual Determinants of Implementing Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures to Support Opioid Use Disorder Care"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5394-609X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jarratt D.","family":"Pytell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine"},{"name":"Denver Health Hospital Authority"},{"name":"Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Macht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah J.","family":"Rinehart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine"},{"name":"Center for Health Systems Research, Office of Research, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiden","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Systems Research, Office of Research, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Lockhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lily","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittney","family":"Fraumeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9611-9029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina G.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Systems Research, Office of Research, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid A.","family":"Binswanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine"},{"name":"Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA"},{"name":"Colorado Permanente Medical Group"},{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Albright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine"},{"name":"OCHIN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy G.","family":"Huebschmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine"},{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado"},{"name":"Ludeman Family Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2019). Denver Health: How a Safety Net System Maximizes Its Value (Nos. 19-0052\u20133). https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/wysiwyg\/lhs\/lhs_case_studies_denver_health.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arias E. Tejada-Vera B. Kochanek K. Ahmad F. (2022). Provisional Life Expectancy Estimates for 2021. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15620\/cdc:118999","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc:118999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lrh2.70003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13364"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108664"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14605"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.20837"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2024 March 3). Vital Statistics Rapid Release\u2014Provisional Drug Overdose Data. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nvss\/vsrr\/drug-overdose-data.htm"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/SAR.S305972"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000001009"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The ASAM national practice guideline for the treatment of opioid use disorder: 2020 focused update","volume":"14","author":"Cunningham C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cunningham C., Edlund M. J., Fishman M., Gordon A. J., Jones H. E., Kampman K. M., Langleben D., Meyer M., Springer S., Woody G., Wright T. E., Wyatt S. (2020). The ASAM national practice guideline for the treatment of opioid use disorder: 2020 focused update. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 14(2S), 1\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000633","journal-title":"Journal of Addiction Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-020-01149-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.39485"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","article-title":"The economic burden of opioid use disorder and fatal opioid overdose in the United States, 2017","volume":"108350","author":"Florence C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Florence C., Luo F., Rice K. (2020). The economic burden of opioid use disorder and fatal opioid overdose in the United States, 2017. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 108350, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108350","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-019-0853-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15248399251315464"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43477-024-00134-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2024.111108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.112516"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000001140"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.107968"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-2-42"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-031323-115847"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186315"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20230730"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2019.6282"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.3329"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14546"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.16283"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14590"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibz085"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-022-01772-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43058-022-00354-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","unstructured":"National Quality Forum. (2017). Continuity of Pharmacotherapy for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) (No. NQF 3175). https:\/\/qpp.cms.gov\/docs\/QPP_quality_measure_specifications\/CQM-Measures\/2019_Measure_468_MIPSCQM.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09687637.2014.918089"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-015-0242-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4818-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077558711430690"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.70212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2020.108155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-80818-1_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-3-200302040-00033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10497323231167348"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2014.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14461242.2015.1078218"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibz164"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2020). Medications for Opioid Use Disorder. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 63. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2024). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (No. HHS Publication No. PEP24-07-021 NSDUH Series H-59). Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780197660690.003.0004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2019.1653324"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43058-023-00494-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.5701"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2016.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2018.05145"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.048"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_1","volume-title":"Qualitative research from start to finish","author":"Yin R. K.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yin R. K. (2011). Qualitative research from start to finish. Guilford."}],"container-title":["Implementation Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/26334895261438505","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/26334895261438505","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/26334895261438505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:40:47Z","timestamp":1777462847000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/26334895261438505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/26334895261438505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/26334895261438505","relation":{},"ISSN":["2633-4895","2633-4895"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2633-4895","type":"print"},{"value":"2633-4895","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"article-number":"26334895261438505"}}