{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T08:19:42Z","timestamp":1777882782851,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","award":["R01 HD094801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HD094801"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Women's Health Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intimate partner violence (IPV) and related stressors increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, uniquely impacting perinatal women during a vulnerable time. This study examined the association between IPV, psychosocial correlates, and COVID-19 stressors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our sample included 122 pregnant and postpartum women (average age = 30.1 years; standard deviation = 6.2 years) enrolled in a multisite clinical trial evaluating an IPV-focused intervention for perinatal women who had sought mental health treatment within the last year. Baseline data association between partner abuse (physical, emotional\/sexual, severe combined, harassment) and sociodemographic variables was investigated. We analyzed sociodemographic characteristics and measures of Positive Affect and Well Being, Emotional Support, Empowerment, and Self-Efficacy. Furthermore, we conducted an exploratory analysis to examine the role of the intersection between education and employment status on IPV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants reporting more COVID-19-related stress (above median) perceived higher emotional abuse than those in the lower half of the stress spectrum (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04). Partner emotional abuse was inversely associated with Emotional Support (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.26,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004) and otherwise not correlated with other psychosocial measures. Perinatal women reporting the most abuse were those reporting part-time employment and an educational level of less than a high school diploma. Ethnicity, pregnancy status, and education were all associated with the severe abuse.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, we demonstrate associations between greater emotional abuse and greater levels of both COVID-19-related stress and lack of emotional support. Also, multiple, overlapping, sociodemographic characteristics impacted perinatal IPV risk. Results offer promising direction for future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/26884844251380143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T15:14:34Z","timestamp":1759158874000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intimate Partner Violence, COVID-19 Stressors, and Intersectionality During the Perinatal Period: Dissecting the Perfect Storm"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Golfo","family":"Tzilos Wernette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Angenent-Mari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Women &amp; Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ananda","family":"Sen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongru","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Countryman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dawn M.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Muzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caron","family":"Zlotnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Women &amp; Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island, USA."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"412","article-title":"ACOG Committee Opinion No. 518: Intimate partner violence","volume":"119","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","year":"2022","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 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