{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:52:13Z","timestamp":1777643533202,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery &amp; Aesthetic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate objective and subjective outcomes in patients with ocular synkinesis before and 1 month after daily ophthalmic oxymetazoline, using standardized photographs, the Sunnybrook Facial Grading Scale, and patient-reported measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ophthalmic oxymetazoline, an alpha-adrenergic agonist Food and Drug Administration approved for acquired blepharoptosis, stimulates eyelid retractors but has not been studied for ocular synkinesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adult outpatients with ocular synkinesis self-administered 0.1% oxymetazoline in the clinic and daily for 30 days. Assessments included standardized photos, synkinesis-specific questionnaires, and paired Mann\u2013Whitney U tests for pre-\/post-treatment comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-eight patients (median age = 58, 79% female) were included. Patient race was identified through the electronic medical record, with 4 patients identified as Black, 23 identified as White, and 1 identified as \u201cOther.\u201d Etiologies of facial paralysis included Bell\u2019s palsy (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 16), iatrogenic (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 10), and herpes zoster (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2). One-hour post-administration, mean Sunnybrook synkinesis scores decreased (7.8 vs. 6.2,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Palpebral fissure height during maximal synkinesis increased by 24.7% (standard deviation = 27,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Oral\u2013ocular synkinesis scores decreased by 22% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Among 25 respondents, 20 would continue to use it if covered by insurance, and 19 would recommend it.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ophthalmic oxymetazoline is a daily, noninvasive, well-tolerated treatment that reduces symptoms of ocular synkinesis-related blepharospasm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/26893614251366992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T17:58:29Z","timestamp":1759255109000},"page":"447-451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Topical Ophthalmic Oxymetazoline: A Promising Treatment Option for Ocular Synkinesis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6416-8755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Havens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6196-0652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derek","family":"Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Fritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Head and Neck Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6386-6763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Head and Neck Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Head and Neck Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dane J.","family":"Genther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Head and Neck Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Ciolek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Head and Neck Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2096-6911(21)00089-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40136-018-0200-x"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","article-title":"Degree of self-reported facial impairment correlates with social impairment in individuals with facial paralysis and synkinesis","volume":"22","author":"Krane NA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Krane NA, , Genther D, , Weierich K, et al. Degree of self-reported facial impairment correlates with social impairment in individuals with facial paralysis and synkinesis. Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med. 2020; 22(5); doi: 10.1089\/fpsam.2020.0082","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","first-page":"e51809","article-title":"Facial paralysis treatment using selective neurectomy: A comprehensive review","volume":"16","author":"Fatani B","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fatani B, , Alshalawi HS, , Alsuhaibani LA, et al. Facial paralysis treatment using selective neurectomy: A comprehensive review. Cureus. 2024; 16(1):e51809; doi: 10.7759\/cureus.51809","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23873"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2015.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199103000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otot.2022.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22404"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27225"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1075840"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","first-page":"e36351","article-title":"Oxymetazoline hydrochloride eye-drops as treatment for myasthenia gravis-related ptosis: A description of two cases","volume":"15","author":"Taha M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Taha M, , Li Y, , Morren J. Oxymetazoline hydrochloride eye-drops as treatment for myasthenia gravis-related ptosis: A description of two cases. Cureus. 2023; 15(3):e36351; doi: 10.7759\/cureus.36351","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e3180412460"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2023.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182a48d16"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.3812"}],"container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery &amp; Aesthetic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/26893614251366992","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/26893614251366992","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/26893614251366992","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:26:29Z","timestamp":1777443989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/26893614251366992"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/26893614251366992"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/26893614251366992","relation":{},"ISSN":["2689-3614","2689-3622"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2689-3614","type":"print"},{"value":"2689-3622","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]}}}