{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T17:05:51Z","timestamp":1793120751515,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759968000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery &amp; Aesthetic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bell\u2019s palsy, an idiopathic peripheral facial palsy, often resolves naturally but can benefit from electric stimulation therapy. However, efficacy and safety during the acute stage remain controversial and understudied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To measure the effectiveness of electrical stimulation therapy as an add-on treatment for patients in the acute stage of Bell\u2019s palsy, as measured by incomplete recovery rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched nine databases for randomized controlled trials comparing add-on electric stimulation therapy with usual care or placebo in patients within 7 days of Bell\u2019s palsy onset. The primary outcome was incomplete recovery. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2 tool, with results synthesized via random-effects meta-analysis and evidence certainty evaluated using GRADE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fourteen studies encompassing 1,311 participants were included. Electric stimulation therapy plus usual care reduced incomplete recovery rates compared with usual care alone (risk ratio 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48\u20130.88; 13 trials,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1,191; moderate certainty). The effect persisted after excluding six studies with a high risk of bias.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Add-on electric stimulation therapy during acute Bell\u2019s palsy may reduce incomplete recovery risk. However, results had moderate certainty with limitations including risk of bias and short follow-up durations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/26893614251385556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T12:50:53Z","timestamp":1760446253000},"page":"284-292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Electric Stimulation Therapy for Bell\u2019s Palsy in the Acute Stage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Yujin","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pyung-Wha","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunkyoung","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suji","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp041120"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09282-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813505967"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001942.pub5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2023.2295426"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"46","article-title":"Electroacupuncture and TENS: Putting theory into practice","author":"Walsh S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Walsh S, , Berry K. Electroacupuncture and TENS: Putting theory into practice. Neurotechnology. 2010:46\u201358.","journal-title":"Neurotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.692088"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.10.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2018.1428390"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15806\/j.issn.2311-8571.2015.0016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215507070790"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0288606"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006283.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-171031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10833196.2017.1368967"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5419407"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.943453"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"438","article-title":"Comparison of efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion in acute phase and non-acute phase of Bell\u2019s Palsy: A meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Zou Z","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zou Z. Comparison of efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion in acute phase and non-acute phase of Bell\u2019s Palsy: A meta-analysis. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2021; 42(7):438\u2013445.","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"l4898","article-title":"Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). RoB2 Development Group","volume":"366","author":"Higgins JP","year":"2019","unstructured":"Higgins JP, , Savovi\u0107 J, , Page MJ, et al. Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). RoB2 Development Group. BMJ. 2019; 366:l4898.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","unstructured":"Cochrane Collaboration. Review Manager Web (RevMan Web). Available from: https:\/\/revman.cochrane.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","unstructured":"GRADEpro guideline development tool [software]. Available from: gradepro.org [Last accessed: April23 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7454.1490"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"64","article-title":"Effects of electroacupuncture stimulation on the psychological state of patients in the acute phase of peripheral facial paralysis (Translated)","volume":"42","author":"Dai A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dai A, , Feng S, , Pu J, et al. Effects of electroacupuncture stimulation on the psychological state of patients in the acute phase of peripheral facial paralysis (Translated). Yunnan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica. 2021; 42(10):64\u201368.","journal-title":"Yunnan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica"},{"issue":"02","key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","first-page":"53","article-title":"A randomized controlled study on the treatment of acute peripheral facial paralysis with Electroacupuncture under different parameters","volume":"44","author":"Zhang X","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang X, , Luo L, , Hu Y, et al. A randomized controlled study on the treatment of acute peripheral facial paralysis with Electroacupuncture under different parameters. Journal of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2021; 44(02):53\u201357.","journal-title":"Journal of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","first-page":"320","article-title":"Clinical observation on relation of different therapeutic methods with prognosis of acute idiopathetic facial paralysis","volume":"25","author":"Zhang XZ","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang XZ. Clinical observation on relation of different therapeutic methods with prognosis of acute idiopathetic facial paralysis. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2005; 25(5):320\u2013322.","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhen Jiu"},{"issue":"09","key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","first-page":"517","article-title":"Observations on the clinical efficacy of Electroacupuncture intervention in treating acute-stage peripheral facial paralysis","volume":"28","author":"Z Yi Z","year":"2009","unstructured":"Z Yi Z, , Liu Y. Observations on the clinical efficacy of Electroacupuncture intervention in treating acute-stage peripheral facial paralysis. Shanghai Journal of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. 2009; 28(09):517\u2013519.","journal-title":"Shanghai Journal of Acupuncture and Moxibustion"},{"issue":"07","key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","first-page":"1251","article-title":"Application of mechanics in acupuncture treatment of peripheral facial paralysis (Translated)","volume":"25","author":"Liang J","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liang J. Application of mechanics in acupuncture treatment of peripheral facial paralysis (Translated). Guangming Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2010; 25(07):1251.","journal-title":"Guangming Journal of Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","first-page":"1275","article-title":"Clinical study on complications of acute peripheral facial paralysis after treated with Electroacupuncture","volume":"26","author":"Lin M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lin M. Clinical study on complications of acute peripheral facial paralysis after treated with Electroacupuncture. China Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2011; 26(10):1275\u20131276.","journal-title":"China Journal of Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"15","key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","first-page":"91","article-title":"Effects of different treatments on the prognosis of facial nerve paralysis (Translated)","volume":"30","author":"Lu H","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lu H, , Yi Q. Effects of different treatments on the prognosis of facial nerve paralysis (Translated). Nei Mongol Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2011; 30(15):91\u201392.","journal-title":"Nei Mongol Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Observation on the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture in the treatment of quiescent peripheral facial paralysis based on neuroelectrophysiology (Translated)","volume":"26","author":"Jiang G","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jiang G. Observation on the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture in the treatment of quiescent peripheral facial paralysis based on neuroelectrophysiology (Translated). 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Chinese Medicine Modern Distance Education of China. 2021; 19(13):113\u2013116.","journal-title":"Chinese Medicine Modern Distance Education of China"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2015.1083121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.868121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ejtm.2023.11630"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5097.675"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/sajp.v67i2.44"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2020.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.131801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2016.12.003"}],"container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery &amp; Aesthetic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/26893614251385556","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/26893614251385556","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/26893614251385556","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T14:17:28Z","timestamp":1782397048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/26893614251385556"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/26893614251385556"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/26893614251385556","relation":{},"ISSN":["2689-3614","2689-3622"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2689-3614","type":"print"},{"value":"2689-3622","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]}}}