{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T05:27:25Z","timestamp":1794029245103,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine"],"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Facial appearance influences social perception, with laypersons focusing on the central facial triangle; nasal differences may alter gaze patterns, but few studies have quantified this using eye-tracking.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate how layperson gaze patterns shift in response to different nasal variations as measured by eye-tracking.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n In this prospective cohort study, facial images with 30 nasal differences were created using Photoshop to represent a range of phenotypes, such as dorsal hump, crooked nose, and pinched tip, alongside controls. Gaze data were captured via eye-tracking, and linear mixed-effects modeling assessed differences in time spent viewing defined areas of interest, adjusting for participant and image variables.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 119 participants (53.8% female) were enrolled. The median age was 40 years, and 82% identified as Caucasian. Among the 30 nasal alterations, only the saddle nose resulted in significantly increased gaze time compared to controls (mean increase: 0.89 s;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Participant age, sex, and gender of the face in the image did not significantly influence gaze behavior.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n In this study, only the saddle nose attracted greater visual attention from lay observers compared with other nasal variants.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/26893614261422622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T11:36:52Z","timestamp":1771501012000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perception of Anatomical Nasal Variants Among Lay Observers: Clinical Insights from an Eye-Tracking Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5574-7388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Awadallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousuf H.","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne K.","family":"Shurtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Science, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna R.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly L.","family":"Staricha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob K.","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA."},{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Grant S.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA."},{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 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