{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:53:16Z","timestamp":1777859596204,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653436800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003766","name":"DAISY Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPB-2015-83-A."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPB-2015-83-A."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003766","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Children and adolescents with cancer often undergo aggressive treatment and receive supportive care requiring a long-term tunneled central venous catheter (TCVC). Regular flushing promotes TCVC patency when not in use (i.e., noninfusing). However, TCVC flushing guidelines and the current practice of daily flushing are not based on high-quality evidence. Few studies have compared the effect of less frequent flushing on TCVC patency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a three times weekly heparin flushing intervention, as compared to daily heparin flushing, in children and adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with noninfusing TCVCs. Methods: Twenty children and AYAs were randomized to one of two groups, standard of care (SOC) (i.e., daily heparin flushing) or intervention (three times weekly heparin flushing) for 8 weeks. Feasibility data (recruitment, retention, acceptability, TCVC patency, and complications) were analyzed descriptively. Results: Twenty of 22 eligible patients were enrolled in the study (90% recruitment rate). Four participants discontinued the study early due to TCVC removal (20% attrition rate). One participant in each group had their TCVC removed due to a central line-associated bloodstream infection, one SOC group participant had their TCVC removed due to damage, and one intervention group participant had their TCVC removed due to discontinuation of treatment. No participants were withdrawn for safety concerns or because they did not find the protocol acceptable. Conclusions: It is feasible to conduct a large-scale randomized controlled trial to investigate a three times weekly heparin flushing intervention in children and AYAs with TCVCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/27527530221090479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T03:09:57Z","timestamp":1653448197000},"page":"24-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pilot Randomized Trial of a Three Times Weekly Heparin Flushing Intervention in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Cancer With Tunneled Central Venous Catheters"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0192-1605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen","family":"Adlard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Health of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, CA, USA"},{"name":"ImmunityBio, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Health of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Health of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Barrows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Health of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lori","family":"MacLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Health of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-27527530221090479","first-page":"269","volume-title":"Essentials of pediatric hematology\/oncology nursing: A core curriculum","author":"Adlard K.","year":"2014","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr2-27527530221090479","volume-title":"Nursing procedure manual for Hickman\u00ae, Leonard\u00ae, and Broviac\u00ae central venous catheters","author":"Bard C. 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Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections, 2011. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/infectioncontrol\/guidelines\/bsi\/index.htm"},{"key":"bibr6-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1043454214532028"},{"key":"bibr7-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.1999.8.15.6524"},{"key":"bibr8-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/jva.5000225"},{"key":"bibr9-27527530221090479","volume-title":"Standards for infusion therapy","author":"Denton A.","year":"2016","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr10-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/MDER.S71217"},{"key":"bibr11-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/985686"},{"key":"bibr12-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/JVA.2011.8487"},{"key":"bibr13-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2309\/java.11-4-17"},{"key":"bibr14-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Infusion Nurses Society (INS). (2021). Infusion therapy standards of practice (8th ed.). Journal of Infusion Nursing, 44(15), S1\u2013S224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NAN.0000000000000396","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0000000000000396"},{"key":"bibr15-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607104028002113"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr16-27527530221090479","first-page":"599","volume":"19","author":"Kelly C.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Oncology Nursing Forum"},{"key":"bibr17-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjcn.2008.13.5.29296"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr18-27527530221090479","first-page":"CD008462","volume":"7","author":"L\u00f3pez-Briz E.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"bibr19-27527530221090479","unstructured":"Lucas A. B., Groeger J. S. (1990).\n                      A prospective evaluation of Hickman\/Broviac catheters morbidity with twice weekly flushing compared to daily flushing\n                      [Symposium]. International Consensus on Supportive Care in Oncology, Brussels, Belgium."},{"key":"bibr20-27527530221090479","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Access device standards of practice for oncology nursing","author":"Mackey H. T.","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr21-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2309\/java.16-2-3"},{"key":"bibr22-27527530221090479","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2009.05103.x"},{"key":"bibr23-27527530221090479","volume-title":"Standardizing central venous catheter care: Hospital to home. 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