{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T17:32:37Z","timestamp":1786642357158,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Medicine Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Congenital musculoskeletal and limb anomalies disproportionately affect people living in low-income countries. However, comprehensive data on their distribution is scarce in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess fatal and non-fatal health outcomes among Ethiopian infants from 1990 to 2023 using the Global Burden of Diseases 2023 estimates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study utilized data and methodologies of the Global Burden of Diseases 2023 estimates. To estimate non-fatal health outcomes, a Bayesian meta-regression tool for disease modeling was employed, whereas a cause of death ensemble model was applied to quantify the fatal health outcomes. All estimates were smoothed and presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. All rates were computed per 100,000 population. The overall change in the rates between 1990 and 2023 was determined by comparing values at the baseline and end of the study period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2023, the study estimated 2078 incident cases (95% UI: 460, 2988) and 1549 prevalent cases (95% UI: 1072, 2231) of congenital anomalies per 100,000 infants, with 5 deaths (95% UI: 2, 11). The corresponding rates of health losses were 628 disability-adjusted life years per 100,000 infants (95% UI: 336, 1224), 394 years of life lost per 100,000 infants (95% UI: 154, 950), and 234 years lived with disability per 100,000 infants (95% UI: 134, 402). Fatal outcomes were more prevalent among females, while non-fatal outcomes showed no sex disparities. Except for a reduction in the incidence rate by 19% (95% UI: -26, -11), the rates remained stable nationally between 1990 and 2023. The Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, Harari, and Tigray regions experienced a decline in both the prevalence and incidence rates, while Amhara, Oromia, Benishangul-Gumuz, and Gambella declined the incidence rate. Moreover, there was a decline in the rate of years lived with disability in Addis Ababa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings highlight a significant burden of congenital anomalies among Ethiopian infants, particularly affecting females. To address this, strategies should focus on improving maternal and child healthcare access, raising community awareness, implementing preconception care, establishing birth defect registries, enhancing screening methods, providing rehabilitation services, and designing gender-sensitive interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/27550834261478913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T19:32:00Z","timestamp":1786476720000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fatal and non-fatal health outcomes of congenital musculoskeletal and limb anomalies among infants in Ethiopia, from 1990 to 2023"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sebsibe","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bule Hora University"},{"name":"Ethiopian Public Health Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9116-274X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiwot Hailu","family":"Amare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dilla University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7259-208X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teshome","family":"Gensa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolkite University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham Lomboro","family":"Dimore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jimma University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4366-4128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abera","family":"Mersha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arba Minch University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abadi Hailay","family":"Atsbaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adigrat University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9146-5940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yemane Berhane","family":"Tesfau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adigrat University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Embaba Tekelaye","family":"Welesemayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aksum University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7985-1841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Medhin","family":"Mehari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adigrat University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kebebew","family":"Lemma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bule Hora University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1919-874X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geleta Nenko","family":"Dube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bule Hora University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0586-0080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Belda Negesa","family":"Beyene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bule Hora University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","volume-title":"Congenital disorders","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Congenital disorders. World Health Organization, 2023. Available at: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/birth-defects\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-025-00750-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001850"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","volume-title":"National Preconception Care Guideline: ensuring a risk-free conception experience","author":"Ministry of Health","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ministry of Health. National Preconception Care Guideline: ensuring a risk-free conception experience. Ministry of Health, 2024."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","first-page":"683","article-title":"Assessing the practice of birth defect registration at Addis Ababa health facilities","volume":"31","author":"Eshete M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eshete M, Abate F, Abera B, et al. Assessing the practice of birth defect registration at Addis Ababa health facilities. Ethiop J Health Sci 2021; 31(3): 683\u2013687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/ejhs","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0302393"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antenatal care dropout and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Sisay G","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sisay G, Mulat T. Antenatal care dropout and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol 2023; 10: 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23333928231165743","journal-title":"Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_9_2","volume-title":"Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2019: Final Report","author":"Ethiopian Public Health Institute and ICF","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ethiopian Public Health Institute and ICF. Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2019: Final Report. 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Reducing Birth Defects: Meeting the Challenge in the Developing World. National Academies Press (US), 2003. Available at: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK222075\/. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17226\/10839"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23218"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_16_2","volume-title":"Do Parents in Ethiopia invest more in the early health of sons? A study of breastfeeding, vaccination and the role of unintended births","author":"Reshid AA","year":"2017","unstructured":"Reshid AA. Do Parents in Ethiopia invest more in the early health of sons? A study of breastfeeding, vaccination and the role of unintended births. 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