{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:47:07Z","timestamp":1782470827546,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1 IK2 RX003401-01A2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1 IK2 RX003401-01A2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Use &amp; Addiction Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Unemployment is associated with a range of negative consequences and is common among individuals with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders. Pre-employment drug screens are a potential barrier to attaining employment among individuals who use substances, but little is known about the prevalence and correlates of encountering a pre-employment drug screen and subsequent job denial due to positive drug screen results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Altogether, 500 veterans with a comorbid mental health and substance use disorder completed surveys via a national Qualtrics panel. We examined prevalence rates as well as social, clinical, and demographic correlates of encountering a pre-employment drug screen and being denied a job as a result of a pre-employment drug screen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 500 participants, 88.2% had encountered a pre-employment drug screen, and 39.9% of this group had been denied a job due to the results of a pre-employment drug screen. In multivariate analyses, older age and higher scores on a questionnaire about drug use were significant predictors of encountering a pre-employment drug screen, while higher scores on separate questionnaires about drug use and alcohol use were significant predictors of job denial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings from this study suggest that encountering pre-employment drug screens and being denied a job due to pre-employment drug screens are common among Veterans with mental health and substance use conditions. Individuals with high drug use and\/or alcohol use may be at greatest risk. Continued research on this common experience is needed to support employment recovery among people who use substances.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/29767342261426114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T11:31:47Z","timestamp":1773747107000},"page":"896-901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence and Correlates of Pre-Employment Drug Screens and Job Denial among Veterans with Co-Occurring Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1053-1927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian J.","family":"Stevenson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda K.","family":"Falc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc I.","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201200024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11081182"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/SAR.S116720"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15332985.2016.1229714"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.20230489"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201600412"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-089X(03)00038-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952999409084055"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000753"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","volume-title":"Ethical Issues in Workplace Drug Testing in Europe","author":"Shahandeh B","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shahandeh B, Caborn J. 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