{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:54:51Z","timestamp":1790686491253,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR001855"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001855"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Use &amp; Addiction Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a leading public health concern in the United States. Food addiction (FA), as a common comorbidity or substitute addiction of SUDs, is not currently a fifth edition of the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      (DSM-5) diagnosis, with overlaps with SUDs and eating disorders (EDs). How FA is addressed in SUD treatment is understudied.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional survey interviews with service providers (N\u2009=\u200985) from 68 SUD treatment facilities across 20 U.S. states asked an open-ended question on how FA was addressed. Descriptive statistics of FA prevalence were reported; Chi-square tests were used to assess bivariate associations between facility funding sources, FA treatment, and referral availability. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify emerging over-arching themes regarding FA-related practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eight themes were identified: formal treatment offered at the facility; no treatment; referral for treatment; education; screening; monitoring; comorbidities or triggers of FA; and potential misunderstandings of FA. Among the 80% of facilities observing FA issues, 29% provided explicit\/formal treatment, and 53% made referrals to ED treatment facilities. Facilities that accept insurance (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.046) and self-pay (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.008) were more likely to make referrals. Methamphetamine use, substitute addiction, trauma, homelessness experience, and malnutrition were potential FA triggers. Potential misconceptions about FA and EDs may undermine appropriate treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Formalizing FA assessment and diagnosis, and improving reimbursement mechanisms, may reduce potential health inequities between market-driven and publicly funded SUD treatment centers in FA treatment and referral resources. More training on FA, integrating evidence-based FA screening, monitoring, and treatment measures, is warranted to improve holistic SUD treatment quality and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/29767342261443841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:26:52Z","timestamp":1778891212000},"page":"1183-1190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How Is Food Addiction Addressed at U.S. Substance Use Disorder Treatment Facilities? Perspectives of Service Providers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1138-9181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danyi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1703-0308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Shanazari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9718-439X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Galimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2409-8631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah L.","family":"Sinclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Prince Albert Campus, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9618-2846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lizbeth","family":"Becerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1001-3350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leah","family":"Meza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3843-5731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley N.","family":"Gearhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6778-9718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steve","family":"Sussman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.52378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Managing life with co-occurring disorders. September 28 2025. Accessed December 22 2025. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/mental-health\/serious-mental-illness\/co-occurring-disorders"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16066359.2018.1516757"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19106163"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19371918.2013.774673"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01632787241227225"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-022-00443-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665119001162"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.824936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.158"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473711104030201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16065"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2008.11.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1542905"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2878"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2026.115248"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13851"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs11060080"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16132019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-064151"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2025.2523323"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-025-01427-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-025-01522-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2017.08.113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-017-0378-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-020-00865-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-077310"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2017.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01565-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-075354"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-018-0557-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01632787251362506"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69909-7_3470-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1208"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.app"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980020001998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002214650804900102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1584891"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2008.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2007.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2018.1536722"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","first-page":"21","volume-title":"The Assessment and Treatment of Addiction: Best Practices and New Frontiers","author":"Wiss DA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wiss DA. The role of nutrition in addiction recovery: What we know and what we don\u2019t. In: Best D, Gossop C, eds. The Assessment and Treatment of Addiction: Best Practices and New Frontiers. Elsevier; 2018:21-42."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.70066"}],"container-title":["Substance Use &amp; Addiction Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/29767342261443841","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/29767342261443841","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/29767342261443841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:57:34Z","timestamp":1790683054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/29767342261443841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/29767342261443841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/29767342261443841","relation":{},"ISSN":["2976-7342","2976-7350"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2976-7342","type":"print"},{"value":"2976-7350","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]}}}