{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T18:25:07Z","timestamp":1786904707724,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon"},{"name":"Portuguese Chapter of the International Nurses Society on Addictions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Use &amp; Addiction Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Harmful substance use affects millions of people, producing health and social consequences that require both professional support and effective self-management. This study piloted a self-management program targeting the consequences of substance addiction in adults enrolled in medication-based program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A parallel-group pilot trial compared the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Self-Management Substance Addiction Consequences Program<\/jats:italic>\n                      (ADS Program) with treatment as usual (TAU) to assess the program\u2019s effectiveness and identify the need for adjustments to the intervention or the trial design. Seventy-two randomly selected adults enrolled for at least 5\u2009weeks in medication-based program for alcohol or other drugs participated. Data were collected at baseline and after 8 to 21\u2009weeks to assess effects on substance addiction consequences (SAC) and positive mental health (PMH).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 236 patients screened, 72 were randomized: 38 to the ADS Program and 34 to TAU. Twenty-five participants completed the ADS Program (34.2% attrition), and 16 completed TAU (52% attrition). ADS participants attended more sessions (6 vs 2), although still fewer than planned. Participants in the ADS Program demonstrated significant reduction in SAC (paired t(24)\u2009=\u2009\u20135.718,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u20131.169). Similar improvements were observed in the TAU group (paired t(15)\u2009=\u2009\u20136.357,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u20131.580), with no significant differences between groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u2009.05). PMH also improved in both groups. The ADS group showed a statistically significant increase (paired t(20)\u2009=\u2009\u20133.945,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u20130.861), whereas the TAU group demonstrated marginally non-significant improvement (paired t(11)\u2009=\u2009\u20132.170,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.053,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u20130.626). No significant between-group differences were identified (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This pilot trial indicates that the ADS Program is feasible, safe, and potentially effective in supporting self-management of SAC. Findings suggest an adjusted duration of 6 to 18\u2009weeks may be beneficial. Given the substantial dropout rate, further research with larger samples is needed to confirm effectiveness and improve retention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/29767342261465527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T07:23:20Z","timestamp":1786692200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness and Safety of a Self-Management Program for Substance Addiction Consequences: A Pilot Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8296-1021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Seabra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Research Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), School of Nursing, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7573-2279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Sequeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialized Technical Treatment Unit of Barreiro\u2014Integrated Responses Center, ICAD, Barrieiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1994-1495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Sequeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialized Technical Treatment Unit of Barreiro\u2014Integrated Responses Center, ICAD, Barrieiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2427-7111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Filipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialized Technical Treatment Unit of Barreiro\u2014Integrated Responses Center, ICAD, Barrieiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialized Technical Treatment Unit of Barreiro\u2014Integrated Responses Center, ICAD, Barrieiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4718-8285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Research Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), School of Nursing, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5620-3478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Sequeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE-Health, School of Nursing, University of Porto, Oporto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"WHO. 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