{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T17:40:52Z","timestamp":1792431652729,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG1DA049444"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG1DA049444"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIN 13-414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIN 13-414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Use &amp; Addiction Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is embedded in addiction scholarship, not only as a methodological tool in research but also as a tool for manuscript preparation. In addiction research and clinical care, AI is already used to analyze data and support clinical decision-making. In parallel, AI tools are increasingly used to summarize literature, revise prose, generate outlines, draft text, and assist with interpretation and presentation of findings. These developments create an urgent need for addiction journals to clarify how AI use should be governed and disclosed. In this editorial, we argue for a principled, proportionate framework for AI disclosure grounded in materiality. We distinguish AI used in the conduct of research from AI used in manuscript preparation and propose a practical taxonomy of assistive, intermediate, and generative AI mapped onto 6 escalating levels of involvement. We identify intermediate AI as a key governance challenge because it may appear to provide editorial assistance while materially shaping scholarly content. We argue that disclosure should be required when AI materially contributes to the conduct of research or to the intellectual content, interpretation, argument, or presentation of a manuscript, while routine low-risk assistive uses should not require disclosure. Transparent governance, organized around materiality rather than specific technologies, is the appropriate response to AI in addiction publishing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/29767342261471638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T11:38:30Z","timestamp":1786621110000},"page":"941-952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Artificial Intelligence in Addiction Scholarship: Transparency, Accountability, and Disclosure in Research and Publishing"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2453-8871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam J.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program for Addiction Research, Clinical Care, Knowledge and Advocacy (PARCKA), Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"},{"name":"Informatics, Decision-Enhancement, and Analytic Sciences (IDEAS) Center, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7343-9458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Bounthavong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy &amp; Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3727-3171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colleen","family":"Corte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois Chicago College of Nursing, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8305-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Siantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah College of Social Work, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7822-5515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khadejah F.","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7678-9640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah S.","family":"Finnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"University at Buffalo School of Nursing, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9543-903X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taneisha","family":"Scheuermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3249-9101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evans F.","family":"Kyei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Substance Use Research and Related Conditions, Capstone College of Nursing, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4789-4390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica J.","family":"Wyse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care (CIVIC), VA Portland Health Care System, OR, USA"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8318-3049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth M.","family":"Oliva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0315-1501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne","family":"Pugatch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann &amp; Robert H. 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