{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:17:21Z","timestamp":1784557041230,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sage Open Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lupus nephritis (LN) is a frequent and severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that often necessitates invasive biopsy for definitive management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the association between antinuclear antibody (ANA) titers, specific immunological markers, and LN pathological indexes (activity and chronicity).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective observational study utilizing cross-sectional comparisons and longitudinal paired-data analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed 159 patients with biopsy-proven LN at an urban tertiary center (2012\u20132022). Two distinct analyses were performed: (1) a cross-sectional comparison between baseline SLE and LN onset, and (2) a paired longitudinal analysis of 81 individuals with available data at both time points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ANA titers remained stable between baseline SLE and LN onset (p &gt; 0.05). However, paired analysis revealed significant anti-Smith (anti-Sm) seroconversion at LN onset (p &lt; 0.01). High-intensity direct Coombs' tests (3+) were significantly more prevalent at LN onset (36.4% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.009). In multivariable analysis, serum creatinine was the primary factor associated with LN presentation (OR = 2.138, 95% CI 1.099\u20134.161, p = 0.025).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While ANA titers are stable markers of SLE, they do not dynamically reflect the transition to LN. Instead, anti-Sm seroconversion and serum creatinine levels serve as more relevant markers of clinical transition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/30502098261470352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T12:29:25Z","timestamp":1784377765000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Correlation of Anti-Nuclear Antibody Productions With Activity and Chronicity Indexes in Lupus Nephritis: Experience at Urban-Based Tertiary Medical Center"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Rassamon","family":"Keawvichit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital"},{"name":"Navamindradhiraj University"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital"},{"name":"Navamindradhiraj University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Korawit","family":"Kanjana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Srinakharinwirot University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6198-2752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nontawat","family":"Benjakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital"},{"name":"Navamindradhiraj University"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital"},{"name":"Navamindradhiraj University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20683"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex260"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.62691\/vmj.2024.265159"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033211034234"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78972-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.22.083"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","first-page":"38","article-title":"Laboratory and morphologic parameters in patients with lupus nephritis","volume":"130","author":"Raskovi\u0107 S","year":"2002","unstructured":"Raskovi\u0107 S, Bogi\u0107 M, Peri\u0107-Popadi\u0107 A, et al. Laboratory and morphologic parameters in patients with lupus nephritis. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2002;130(Suppl 3):38-41. PubMed PMID: 12583312.","journal-title":"Srp Arh Celok Lek"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2007.10.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/2000-124-0071-GFCUOT"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2203769"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chavanisakun C Keawvichit R Benjakul N. M1 and M2 Macrophage Polarization Correlates with Activity and Chronicity Indices in Lupus Nephritis. 2025;15(1):55. doi:10.3390\/life15010055.","DOI":"10.3390\/life15010055"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/FHC.a2023.0008"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2015.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43166-020-00039-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.43532"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.11521210"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013010026"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203318809182"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3778-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000777"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.52347"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02231577"}],"container-title":["Sage Open Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/30502098261470352","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/30502098261470352","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/30502098261470352","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:47:26Z","timestamp":1784555246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/30502098261470352"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/30502098261470352"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/30502098261470352","relation":{},"ISSN":["3050-2098","3050-2098"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3050-2098","type":"print"},{"value":"3050-2098","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"article-number":"30502098261470352"}}