{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:33:37Z","timestamp":1777656817498,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sage Open Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fluid overload\u2014a critical risk in pediatric\/neonatal care\u2014is often driven by excessive fluid during medication dilution, increasing complications like acute kidney injury(AKI), prolonged ventilation, and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 2024 cross-sectional study across 14 pediatric units (PICUs, NICUs, surgical\/general wards) evaluated fluid administration practices and nurses\u2019 knowledge. Observations included 150 patients and 200 nurses administering 8 medications. Data on fluid volumes, infusion durations, compatibility, and storage compliance were collected via checklist and questionnaires.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nurses demonstrated moderate overall knowledge (mean score: 68.3\u2009\u00b1\u200910.4), with unit-level variability. Performance scores were highest in PICUs (76.0\u2009\u00b1\u20099.7) and lowest in surgical wards (62.86\u2009\u00b1\u200912.7). Key issues included excessive dilution (vancomycin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone) and storage noncompliance (eg, 40% in cardiac NICUs), posing risks to vulnerable patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Standardized dilution guidelines, enhanced education on drug compatibility\/storage, and real-time monitoring tools are critical to mitigating fluid overload risks and improving pediatric outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/30502225251364933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T07:01:58Z","timestamp":1756710118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Challenges in Pediatric Fluid Management: Insights into Nursing Practices and Knowledge"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Amir","family":"Shahzeydi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"},{"name":"Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Department of Adult Health Nursing, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9436-0546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faramarz","family":"Kalhor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"},{"name":"Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahboobeh","family":"Namnabati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Joonbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali Mohammad","family":"Sabzghabaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sajjad","family":"Khaksar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical care Department, Shariati Hospital, Social Security Organization, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-022-04467-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2018.00306"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"221","article-title":"Intravenous fluid therapy in children and young people in hospital (NICE guideline NG29)","volume":"102","author":"Green J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Green J, Lillie J. 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