{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:34:38Z","timestamp":1791599678120,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561680000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background::<\/jats:bold>\n                    Heroin has had an overwhelming impact on public welfare and health resources. National surveillance data indicate a 25% increase in drug overdose deaths in Ohio between 2012 and 2017, ranking the state second in terms of drug overdose deaths associated with opioids.\n                    <jats:bold>Objective::<\/jats:bold>\n                    The primary objective of this evaluation was to determine the length of hospital stay in suspected or confirmed heroin overdose.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods::<\/jats:bold>\n                    This retrospective analysis evaluated adult patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) at Mercy Health St Vincent Medical Center with confirmed or suspected heroin overdose. Patient data were obtained from the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, code reports. The study site is a 462-bed academic medical center with a level 1 trauma designation located in downtown Toledo, OH.\n                    <jats:bold>Results::<\/jats:bold>\n                    One-hundred and one patients were included in this study: 49 presented to the ED and were subsequently admitted, while 52 were evaluated in the ED and discharged. No statistically significant differences in demographic data were identified. The average length of stay for admitted patients was 4.39 days (range = 0-22 days) with an average of 1.91days in the intensive care unit and 2.48 days on a general medicine floor. Higher average amounts of naloxone administered prior to presentation to the ED were found to predict an admission to the intensive care unit (6.48 mg vs 2.43 mg,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .0208). The most frequent necessary interventions were central line placement (16\/49, 32.7%) and mechanical ventilation (15\/49, 30.6%). Seven patients (14.3%) experienced a cardiac arrest.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion::<\/jats:bold>\n                    Heroin overdoses continue to require emergent interventions and consume numerous health care resources. Investment in strategies for prevention of overdose and the subsequent utilization of resources is paramount in controlling the heroin epidemic in Ohio and nationally.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/8755122519860081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T03:21:50Z","timestamp":1561692110000},"page":"243-250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Defining the Correlation Between Heroin Overdose and Length of Hospital Admissions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0321-5608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin","family":"Reinert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas at Tyler, TX, USA"},{"name":"Mercy Health St Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Leis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercy Health St Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Paplaskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercy Health St Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Bakle-Carn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercy Health St Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Ohio Department of Health Center for Public Health Statistics & Informatics in partnership with the Violence and Injury Prevention Program. Ohio Public Health Data Warehouse; 2017. https:\/\/odh.ohio.gov\/wps\/portal\/gov\/odh\/explore-data-and-stats\/interactive-applications\/ohio-public-health-data-warehouse1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Ohio Department of Health. 2017 Ohio drug overdose at a glance; 2017. https:\/\/odh.ohio.gov\/health\/vipp\/data\/rxdata.aspx"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Ohio Department of Health. John S. Project DAWN; 2015. https:\/\/odh.ohio.gov\/wps\/portal\/gov\/odh\/know-our-programs\/violence-injury-prevention-program\/projectdawn\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"Williamson C. Surveillance of Drug Abuse Trends in the Toledo Region. The Ohio Substance Abuse Monitoring Network Trend Report: June 2016-January 2017 (2017):153-72. http:\/\/aohc.net\/aws\/AOHC\/asset_manager\/get_file\/176458?ver=13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Tharp J. DART: Drug Abuse Response Team. Becoming part of the solution. https:\/\/www.sheriffs.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Lucas%20County%20Drug%20Abuse%20Response%20Team.pdf. Accessed June 17 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prescription opioid overdose data. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/data\/prescribing.html. Accessed June 17 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"American Society of Addiction Medicine. Opioid addiction: 2016 facts and figures. https:\/\/www.asam.org\/docs\/default-source\/advocacy\/opioid-addiction-disease-facts-figures.pdf. Accessed June 17 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"State Medical Board of Ohio State of Ohio Board of Pharmacy and Ohio Board of Nursing. Joint Regulatory Statement: Prescription of naloxone to high-risk individuals and third parties who are in position to assist an individual who is experiencing opioid-related overdose: 2015 Update. State Medical Board of Ohio State of Ohio Board of Pharmacy and Ohio Board of Nursing. 2015. http:\/\/www.nursing.ohio.gov\/PDFS\/Practice\/Naloxone_Joint_Regulatory_Statement_2015.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-227X-8-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/106002801423730"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f174"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2017.1282562"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177323"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"41","volume-title":"Manag Care","author":"Weiss RC","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weiss RC, Bazalo GR, Thomson H, Edwards E. Economic impact of a novel naloxone autoinjector on third-party payers. Manag Care. 2015;24:41-48."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(00)00162-9"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/8755122519860081","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/8755122519860081","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/8755122519860081","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T02:29:08Z","timestamp":1777602548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/8755122519860081"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/8755122519860081"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/8755122519860081","relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-1225","1549-4810"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-1225","type":"print"},{"value":"1549-4810","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]]}}}