{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T08:49:33Z","timestamp":1777884573742,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603670400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: As the last health care provider encountered before an opioid is dispensed, pharmacists have a vital role in reducing unnecessary opioid exposure while facilitating access to non-opioid alternatives. Objective: To characterize pharmacist perceptions in providing interventions for patients with an opioid prescription for acute pain. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was administered over 3 months to pharmacy preceptors affiliated with the University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy. The electronic survey utilized 7 demographical and baseline questions, 1 open-ended question, and 5 Likert-type scales to assess the following domains: responsibility in making decisions, willingness to provide information, comfort in speaking to patients, willingness to use a standing order, and importance of following up with patients. Results: Of the 380 participants invited to participate, 126 responded to at least one question and 90 completed all survey questions. Most participants were PharmD graduates practicing in hospital and community settings. Participants felt that opioids are frequently overprescribed and pharmacist interventions are often necessary. Most participants reported that pharmacists and physicians share similar responsibilities in making opioid-related decisions. Participants were willing to provide information about opioid alternatives but were only somewhat comfortable speaking to patients. Responses to the open-ended question revealed the following themes: Significance of educating the patient; Importance of alternatives to opioid medications; Impacts of pharmacist interventions; and Need for enhanced collaboration with physicians. Conclusions: Pharmacists face complex issues with limited clinical guidance when providing opioid-related interventions. Future research is needed to develop evidence-based clinical support tools and collaborative practice models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/8755122520967766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T23:55:37Z","timestamp":1603842937000},"page":"36-44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An Exploratory Study of Pharmacist Perceptions of Opioid Interventions for Acute Pain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2759-8677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie","family":"Webb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tennessee Department of Mental Health & Substance Abuse Services, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Cernasev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minghui Sam","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Gatwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Cochran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth C.","family":"Hohmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-8755122520967766","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Opioid overdose. Understanding the epidemic. Accessed April 30, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/epidemic\/index.html"},{"key":"bibr2-8755122520967766","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Annual surveillance report of drug-related risks and outcomes\u2014United States 2019. Published November 1, 2019. Accessed October 9, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/pdf\/pubs\/2019-cdc-drug-surveillance-report.pdf"},{"key":"bibr3-8755122520967766","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse. Opioid overdose crisis. Published May 27, 2020. Accessed July 16, 2020. https:\/\/www.drugabuse.gov\/drug-topics\/opioids\/opioid-overdose-crisis"},{"key":"bibr4-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.j.pain.0000460357.01998.f1"},{"key":"bibr5-8755122520967766","unstructured":"Muhuri PK, Gfroerer JC, Davies MC. Associations of nonmedical pain reliever use and initiation of heroin use in the United States. CBHSQ Data Review. Published August 2013. Accessed October 9, 2020. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/DR006\/DR006\/nonmedical-pain-reliever-use-2013.htm"},{"key":"bibr6-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2017.0504"},{"key":"bibr7-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2019.04.016"},{"key":"bibr8-8755122520967766","first-page":"119","volume":"22","author":"Sanger N","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"bibr9-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000000352"},{"key":"bibr10-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2012.06.013"},{"key":"bibr11-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2018.07.659"},{"key":"bibr12-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.1464"},{"key":"bibr13-8755122520967766","unstructured":"Ford C. Patient-facing pharmacies: technology for enhanced engagement. Drug Store News. Published January 4, 2019. Accessed October 9, 2020. https:\/\/www.drugstorenews.com\/insights\/patient-facing-pharmacies-technology-for-enhanced-engagement\/"},{"key":"bibr14-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp150542"},{"key":"bibr15-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1331\/JAPhA.2014.13101"},{"key":"bibr16-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13722-019-0158-0"},{"key":"bibr17-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2018.07.011"},{"key":"bibr18-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnx139"},{"key":"bibr19-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687"},{"key":"bibr20-8755122520967766","volume-title":"Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook","author":"Miles MB","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr21-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.12.008"},{"key":"bibr22-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-7-200710020-00006"},{"key":"bibr23-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp170704"},{"key":"bibr24-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1331\/JAPhA.2014.13104"},{"key":"bibr25-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2018.08.006"},{"key":"bibr26-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31821b6be4"},{"key":"bibr27-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2018.24.5.449"},{"key":"bibr28-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxaa060"},{"key":"bibr29-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japh.2019.10.014"},{"key":"bibr30-8755122520967766","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxy089"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/8755122520967766","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/8755122520967766","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/8755122520967766","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T02:29:59Z","timestamp":1777602599000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/8755122520967766"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/8755122520967766"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/8755122520967766","relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-1225","1549-4810"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-1225","type":"print"},{"value":"1549-4810","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]]}}}