{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T11:04:35Z","timestamp":1793271875172,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741910400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Zolpidem is a widely prescribed medication for treating insomnia due to its effectiveness as a sedative-hypnotic. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of potential adverse effects associated with the use and misuse of zolpidem.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study. Participants were selected from consumers who had purchased zolpidem in a commercial pharmacy in Brazil and submitted an interviewed. Descriptive analysis was used to present the results. Pearson\u2018s chi-square tests were used to compare adverse reactions to zolpidem with categorical variables, and Student\u2018s t-tests were used to compare means. The significance level adopted was 5%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study involved 65 participants, with a mean age of 52.7 years, 76.9% of whom were women. Of the total sample, 69.2% used zolpidem for the treatment of long-term insomnia, and 77.4% used it continuously. Among the interviewees, 55.4% reported experiencing adverse reactions, with amnesia, insomnia, and sleepwalking being the most reported. A statistically significant association was found between the occurrence of adverse reactions and continuous use (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      value = 0.048), as well as among those with lower mean age (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      value = 0.042).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite being a prescription-controlled medication, zolpidem was used excessively and inappropriately in the studied sample. Given the high prevalence of adverse effects identified in this study, the risk\/benefit ratio of pharmacological treatments for insomnia warrants careful evaluation during prescription and dispensing. Incidence of adverse effects and misuse of zolpidem.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/87551225251324856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T03:01:00Z","timestamp":1741921260000},"page":"103-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Incidence of Adverse Effects and Misuse of Zolpidem"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0997-1594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"Schuelter-Trevisol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubar\u00e3o, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francieli","family":"Cipriano Felippe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curso de Medicina, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubar\u00e3o, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curso de Medicina, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubar\u00e3o, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Schuelter Trevisol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curso de Medicina, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubar\u00e3o, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonan Jos\u00e9","family":"Raimundo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubar\u00e3o, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisson Jos\u00e9","family":"Trevisol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubar\u00e3o, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume":"174","author":"Sutton EL. Insomnia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sutton EL. Insomnia. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174(3):ITC33-ITC48.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7172"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with the use of sleep-inducing medication among women receiving Primary Health Care: a cross-sectional study in Vit\u00f3ria, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil, 2014","volume":"31","author":"Leite FMC","year":"2022","unstructured":"Leite FMC, Xavier JCS, Silva RP, Wandekoken KD, Tavares FL, Amorim MHC. Prevalence and factors associated with the use of sleep-inducing medication among women receiving Primary Health Care: a cross-sectional study in Vit\u00f3ria, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil, 2014. 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