{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:56:03Z","timestamp":1791204963024,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,7,1]],"date-time":"1985-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":489024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gifted Child Quarterly"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the scientific literature, there is ambiguity in the distinction between the concepts of giftedness and talent. This paper examines several common definitions of these two terms, with particular emphasis on the models proposed by Renzulli (1979) and Cohn (1981). Our critique of these two models leads to a clear differentiation between giftedness and talent: the former is associated with domains of abilities which foster and explain exceptional performance in varied fields of activities, that is, talents. Thus, one can be gifted without necessarily being talented (as with the case of underachievers), but not vice versa. Several factors which can act as catalysts for the actualization of giftedness in specific talents are discussed, particularly motivation and environmental quality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628502900302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,19]],"date-time":"2007-09-19T10:23:42Z","timestamp":1190197422000},"page":"103-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":265,"title":["Giftedness and Talent: Reexamining a Reexamination of the Definitions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Francoys","family":"Gagn\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Quebec at Montreal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Psychological testing","author":"Anastasi, A.","year":"1982","edition":"5"},{"key":"atypb2","unstructured":"Atkinson, J.W., O'Malley, P.M. & Lens, W. (1976). Motivation and ability: Interactive psyc-hological determinants of intellective performance, educational achievement, and each other. In W. H. Sewell, R. M. Mauser, & D. L. Featherman (Eds.), Schooling and achievement in American society (pp. 29-60). New York: Academic Press."},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001440298204800607"},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"The gifted and talented student in Canada: Results of a CEA survey","author":"Borthwick, B.","year":"1980"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"Manual for the SVIB-SCII","author":"Campbell, D.P.","year":"1977"},{"key":"atypb6","unstructured":"Carroll, J.B. (1982). The measurement of intelligence. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of human intelligence (pp. 29-120). Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press ."},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"A model for a pluralistic view of giftedness and talent. Unpublished paper prepared for the","author":"Cohn, S.J.","year":"1977"},{"key":"atypb8","unstructured":"Cohn, S.J. (1981). What is giftedness? A multidimensional approach . In A. H. Kramer (Ed.), Gifted children: Challenging their potential (pp. 33-45). New York: Trillium Press."},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"Student evaluation of instruction","author":"Doyle, K.O.","year":"1975"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"The intelligence controversy","author":"Eysenck, H.J.","year":"1981"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628402800402"},{"key":"atypb12","first-page":"188","volume":"4","author":"Fleming, E.S.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal for the Education of the Gifted"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.75.2.196"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628102500104"},{"key":"atypb15","unstructured":"Gallagher, J.J. (1979). Issues in education for the gifted. In A. H. Passow (Ed.), The gifted and the talented: Their education and development. (78th Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, Part I) (pp. 28-44). Chicago: University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gardner, H. (1982a). Giftedness: Speculations from a biological perspective . In D. H. Feldman (Ed.), Developmental approaches to giftedness and creativity (New directions for child development, volume 17, pp. 47-60). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.","DOI":"10.1002\/cd.23219821706"},{"key":"atypb17","volume-title":"Frames of mind","author":"Gardner, H.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb18","unstructured":"Gowan, J.C. (1979). The use of developmental stage theory in helping gifted children become creative. In J. J. Gallagher, J. C. Gowan, A. H. Passow, & E. P. Torrance (Eds.), Issues in gifted education (pp. 47-78). Ventura, CA: Ventura County Superintendent of Schools Office ."},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"In search of identification. (1984). Gifted Child Quarterly, 28 (4).","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628402800401"},{"key":"atypb20","unstructured":"MacKinnon, D.W. (1964). The creativity of architects. In C. W. Taylor (Ed.), Widening horizons in creativity (pp. 359-378). New York: Wiley."},{"key":"atypb21","volume-title":"Education of the gifted and talented: Report to the Congress of the United States by the U.S. commissioner of education","author":"Marland, S.P.","year":"1972"},{"key":"atypb22","unstructured":"Mass\u00e9, P. & Gagn\u00e9, F. (1983). Observations on enrichment and acceleration. In B. M. Shore, F. Gagn\u00e9, S. Lariv\u00e9e, R. H. Tali, & R. E. Tremblay (Eds.), Face to face with giftedness (pp. 395-413). New York: Trillium Press."},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628102500102"},{"key":"atypb24","first-page":"180","volume":"60","author":"Renzulli, J.S.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Phi Delta Kappan,"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"What makes giftedness: A reexamination of the definition of the gifted and talented","author":"Renzulli, J.S.","year":"1979"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628402800405"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02783198209552684"},{"key":"atypb28","volume-title":"Special class programs for intellectually gifted pupils","author":"Robeck, M.C.","year":"1968"},{"key":"atypb29","unstructured":"Stanley, J.C. (1977). Rationale of the study of mathematically precocious youth (SMPY) during its first five years of promoting educational acceleration . In J. C. Stanley, W. C. George, & C. H. Solano (Eds.). The gifted and the creative: A fifty-year perspective (pp. 75-112). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press."},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628102500208"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/0013189X013001005"},{"key":"atypb32","unstructured":"Torrance, E.P. (1980). Extending the identification of giftedness: Other talents, minority and handicapped groups. In National\/State Leadership Training Institute on the Gifted and Talented (Ed.), Educating the preschool\/primary gifted and talented (pp. 43-58). Ventura, CA: Ventura County Superintendent of Schools Office."},{"key":"atypb33","unstructured":"Ward, V.S. (1975). Basic concepts. In W. B. Barbe & J. S. Renzulli (Eds.), Psychology and education of the gifted (pp. 61-71). New York: Irvington Publishers."},{"key":"atypb34","volume-title":"Webster's New World Dictionary (College ed.)","author":"Webster, D.","year":"1970"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/016235328100500406"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zettel, J. (1979). State provisions for educating the gifted and talented. In A. H. Passow (Ed.), The gifted and the talented: Their education and development (78th yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education) (pp. 63-74). 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