{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T12:24:37Z","timestamp":1776255877756,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,5]],"date-time":"2012-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Education Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p> To analyse teachers\u2019 health views in order to obtain general trends in factors influencing health and health education and to fit them into the negative\u2013positive model of health proposed by Downie and collaborators. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title><jats:p> This large international study involved 15 countries from Western and Eastern Europe, North and Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and South America, with high socioeconomic and cultural diversity. The questionnaire constructed and validated by the European FP6 project BIOHEAD-CITIZEN was applied in each country to a balanced sample of pre-service teachers (Pre) and in-service teachers (In) of primary schools (P) and secondary schools, teaching biology (B) or national language (L). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Women, older persons, those having longer higher university education, primary school teachers (compared to secondary teachers) and language teachers (compared to biology teachers) have a more positive view of health. The major difference was found between countries, rather than religion, where five groups emerged from cluster analysis. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The study does not lead to a comprehensive view of factors influencing teachers\u2019 perceptions of health but results showed that there is a variety of variables associated with health and health education views. These findings can contribute to facilitate developing appropriate specific health education teachers\u2019 training courses. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0017896912459821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,7]],"date-time":"2012-10-07T00:58:38Z","timestamp":1349571518000},"page":"660-672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Factors influencing teachers\u2019 views of health and health education: A study in 15 countries"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"D","family":"Jourdan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Blaise Pascal, France"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Pironom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Blaise Pascal, France"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, France"}]},{"given":"GS","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minho, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Nous serons bien mieux: Les d\u00e9terminants de la sant\u00e9 et du bien-\u00eatre des enfants d\u2019\u00e2ge scolaire","author":"Hamel M","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr2-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.58.6-7.466"},{"key":"bibr3-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-005-7646-2"},{"key":"bibr4-0017896912459821","volume-title":"What is the evidence on school health promotion in improving school health or preventing disease and specifically what is the effectiveness of the health promoting schools approach?","author":"Stewart-Brown S","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr5-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-70974-1_8"},{"key":"bibr6-0017896912459821","unstructured":"International Union for Health Promotion and Health Education (IUHPE). Promoting health in schools \u2013 from evidence to action. Paris: IUHPE, 2010. Online. Available at: http:\/\/www.iuhpe.org\/index.html?page=516&lang=en#sh_guidelines (accessed 25 August 2011)."},{"key":"bibr7-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(89)90015-4"},{"key":"bibr8-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/\/1016-9040.6.2.123"},{"key":"bibr9-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/09654280910970910"},{"key":"bibr10-0017896912459821","unstructured":"International Union for Health Promotion and Health Education (IUHPE). Achieving health promoting schools: Guidelines for promoting health in schools. Paris: IUHPE, 2009. Online. Available at: http:\/\/www.iuhpe.org\/index.html?page=516&lang=en#sh_guidelines (accessed 25 August 2011)."},{"key":"bibr11-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-1561.1987.tb03183.x"},{"key":"bibr12-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Health-promoting schools: A resource for developing indicators","author":"Barnekow V","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr13-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1025382308095657"},{"key":"bibr14-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Communication at the XIX World conference of IUHPE","author":"Simar C","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr15-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Health promotion \u2013 models and values","author":"Downie RS","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr16-0017896912459821","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Ottawa charter for health promotion. First International Conference on Health Promotion. Ottawa: WHO, 1986. Online. Available at: http:\/\/www.who.int\/hpr\/NPH\/docs\/ottawa_charter_hp.pdf (accessed 25 August 2011)."},{"key":"bibr17-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Constitution of the world health organization","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"1948"},{"key":"bibr18-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Educaci\u00f3n sanitaria","author":"Sanmart\u00ed LS","year":"1985"},{"key":"bibr19-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Health promotion \u2013 foundations for practice","author":"Naidoo J","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr20-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Promoting health: Knowledge and practice","author":"Katz J","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr21-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Promoting health \u2013 A practical guide","author":"Ewles L","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr22-0017896912459821","first-page":"133","volume":"19","author":"Carvalho GS","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sci Educ Inter"},{"key":"bibr23-0017896912459821","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"Carvalho GS","year":"2007","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias"},{"key":"bibr24-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2009.05.007"},{"key":"bibr25-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118165881"},{"key":"bibr26-0017896912459821","volume-title":"L\u2019enseignement scientifique \u2013 Comment faire pour que \u00ab\u00e7a marche?","author":"De Vecchi G","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr27-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0950069042000177235"},{"key":"bibr28-0017896912459821","first-page":"15","volume":"18","author":"Carvalho GS","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sci Educ Inter"},{"key":"bibr29-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1134"},{"key":"bibr30-0017896912459821","first-page":"42","volume-title":"Representations of the social: Bridging theoretical traditions","author":"Abric JC","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr31-0017896912459821","first-page":"9","volume-title":"ESERA summer school","author":"Cl\u00e9ment P","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr32-0017896912459821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ev.1497"},{"key":"bibr33-0017896912459821","author":"French Ministry of Education","year":"2008","journal-title":"Programmes d\u2019enseignement de l\u2019\u00e9cole primaire"},{"key":"bibr34-0017896912459821","unstructured":"Finnish National Board of Education National. Core curriculum for basic education, 2004. Online. Available at: http:\/\/www.oph.fi\/english\/publications\/2009\/national_core_curricula_for_basic_education (accessed 6 September 2012)."},{"key":"bibr35-0017896912459821","volume-title":"Education \u00e0 la sant\u00e9. XIXe\u2013XXe si\u00e8cle","author":"Nourrisson D","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["Health Education Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0017896912459821","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0017896912459821","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0017896912459821","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T11:05:21Z","timestamp":1740999921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0017896912459821"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,5]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0017896912459821"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0017896912459821","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8969","1748-8176"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8969","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-8176","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,5]]}}}