{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T09:37:35Z","timestamp":1777801055273,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Composite Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Composite structures currently used in the oil industry must meet strict requirements for design and safety reasons. They need to maintain strength under varied displacement rates throughout its lifetime. It is therefore critical to fully understand the fracture behavior of such composites. This work presents experimental results regarding the influence of a range of displacement rates on the fracture energy in mode I,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      G\n                      <jats:sub>Ic<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    , of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane used in the oil industry to repair and reinforce pipelines with corrosion damage. To determine\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      G\n                      <jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    as a function of displacement rate, double cantilever beam specimens were tested, with displacement rates of 2, 20 and 200\u2009mm\/min with different thicknesses. A complementary numerical study was performed with the aim of predicting strength using the measured values. This work has demonstrated a significant influence of the strain rate and composite thickness on\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      G\n                      <jats:sub>IC<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    of the composite materials, with higher rates and thicker specimens causing an increase in the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      G\n                      <jats:sub>IC<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    values.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0021998320908300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T00:24:56Z","timestamp":1582676696000},"page":"3047-3054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Displacement rate effect in the fracture toughness of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6873-7143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"JML","family":"Reis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Laboratory \u2013 LMTA, Mechanical Engineering Department \u2013 TEM, <!---->Universidade Federal Fluminense<!----> \u2013 UFF, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1094-0114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"JJM","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Mecanica e Engenharia Industrial (INEGI), Portugal"}]},{"given":"EAS","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Mecanica e Engenharia Industrial (INEGI), Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1933-0865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"RJC","family":"Carbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Mecanica e Engenharia Industrial (INEGI), Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lucas FM","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia Mecanica, Faculdade de Engenharia (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2017.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2017.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.28999\/2514-541X-2018-2-2-123-134"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","first-page":"19","article-title":"An overview of corroded pipe repair techniques using composite materials","volume":"10","author":"Lim KS","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lim KS, et al. An overview of corroded pipe repair techniques using composite materials. Int J Mater Metall Eng 2016; 10: 19\u201325.","journal-title":"Int J Mater Metall Eng"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","volume-title":"Polyurethanes: chemistry, technology, and applications","author":"Wirpsza Z","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wirpsza Z. Polyurethanes: chemistry, technology, and applications, UK: Ellis Horwood, 1993."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","volume-title":"Polyurethane chemistry","author":"Dodge J","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dodge J. Polyurethane chemistry, Pittsburgh: Bayer Corp., 1999."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","volume-title":"Polyurethane application research department","author":"Bayer A","year":"1979","unstructured":"Bayer A. 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Introduction to polymer viscoelasticity. Hoboken NJ: John Wiley & Sons 208."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","unstructured":"Saunders JH and Frisch KC. Polyurethanes: chemistry and technology. New York NY: Wiley 1962."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","volume-title":"Repair of composite and wood structures","author":"Campilho R","year":"2009","unstructured":"Campilho R. Repair of composite and wood structures, Portugal: Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2008.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01169-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00218460902881808"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","unstructured":"Carlos MS Canto. 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