{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T09:44:52Z","timestamp":1777801492291,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]],"date-time":"2021-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"PROPESP\/UFPA and CAPES","award":["88881.119584\/2016-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.119584\/2016-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Composite Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years some progress has been made about the addition of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) in the stainless steel metal matrix by pulsed Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (P-GTAW). Despite that, there is lack of information regarding to microstructural modifications induced by CNTs in dissimilar welding. In this sense, we present the welding of nanocomposite based on Nickel\/Carbon Nanotubes-stainless steel 316L alloy (Ni\/CNTs-SS 316L), as the welding metal, on carbon-manganese (C-Mn) non-alloyed structural steel, as the base metal. The microstructure of manufactured specimens with\/without nanocomposite was characterized by: optical microscopy; Raman spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD). Moreover, Vickers tests were performed from the welding metal (WM) to the base metal (BM) before\/after temper treatment in order to investigate the microhardness changes. The results show that dilution rate and grain size for specimen with nanocomposite was higher than without nanocomposite; the CNTs affected the misorientation angle and texture of the WM; the topside microhardness from WM with Ni-CNTs was on average 30.40% higher than BM; and, in transverse cross-section microhardness was 31% higher than control sample on average at fusion line zone. These results indicate that addition of CNTs in the metallic matrix by dissimilar welding is a fertile ground for new studies applicable to manufacturing industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00219983211007201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]],"date-time":"2021-04-04T21:28:40Z","timestamp":1617571720000},"page":"3061-3069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of CNTs addition on the microstructure and microhardness of stainless steel alloy\/carbon-manganese non-alloyed steel welding"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2226-2653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos AL","family":"dos Reis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1,  Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2998-4221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rio ES","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1,  Brazil"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 A","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMMPRE, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"\u00cdris SM","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMMPRE, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Clarissa H","family":"de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMMPRE, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marcionilo NS","family":"J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMMPRE, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3667-0562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel F","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMMPRE, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0079-6425(80)90014-6"},{"key":"bibr2-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1659387"},{"key":"bibr3-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2010.08.113"},{"key":"bibr4-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-012-6885-1"},{"key":"bibr5-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0021998316658535"},{"key":"bibr6-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0021998317735880"},{"key":"bibr7-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diamond.2018.12.006"},{"key":"bibr8-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-5803(01)00159-0"},{"key":"bibr9-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-1439.190113"},{"key":"bibr10-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1006-706X(09)60009-1"},{"key":"bibr11-00219983211007201","first-page":"166s","volume":"78","author":"Subramaniam S","year":"1999","journal-title":"Weld J"},{"key":"bibr12-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2017.08.013"},{"key":"bibr13-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75136-z"},{"key":"bibr14-00219983211007201","author":"Liu J","journal-title":"Surf Eng"},{"key":"bibr15-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2003.12.084"},{"key":"bibr16-00219983211007201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weman K. 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