{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T09:45:46Z","timestamp":1777801546672,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Composite Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the dynamic response of novel 3D natural fibre-reinforced hybrid composites. Two reinforcement techniques were employed: 2D intralaminar and 3D orthogonal-through-the-thickness (3D-OTT). Jute bidirectional fabric served as the primary fibre phase, while sisal and curau\u00e1 fibres provided secondary reinforcement. The 3D-OTT architecture incorporated transverse fibres woven through-the-thickness of the fibre preforms, providing additional reinforcement. Pure jute composites (JFRP) were also tested for comparison. Low-velocity impact (LVI) tests, including perforation and repeated impact, assessed energy absorption, load-bearing capacity, and impact fatigue life. Results showed that 3D reinforcement effectively suppressed crack propagation during impact. 2D sisal fibre based architecture specimens demonstrated the highest absorbed energy and peak load during perforation due to fibre delamination, which created large energy-absorbing debonding areas. While CURAU\u00c1 composites exhibited similar energy absorption and peak loads for both architectures due to strong fibre\u2013matrix interlocking, SISAL composites showed lower energy absorption in the 3D configuration. Compared to a jute-based reference (JFRP), both CURAU\u00c1 and SISAL composites demonstrated superior perforation resistance (30% and 50% increases, respectively). The 3D architecture significantly improved impact fatigue life, increasing it by 3.6\u00d7 for sisal fibre and 2\u00d7 for curau\u00e1 based specimens. Micro-CT analysis revealed distinct crack- arrest mechanisms: 3D reinforcement reduced crack propagation in sisal fibre reinforced specimens, while curau\u00e1 specimens benefitted from its strong fibre\/matrix interface for natural crack arrest.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00219983251353308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T07:55:52Z","timestamp":1751442952000},"page":"151-168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Experimental investigation on natural fibre-reinforced composites with 3D orthogonal architecture: Perforation resistance and impact fatigue enhancement"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1726-2659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique FM","family":"de Queiroz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Centre of Technological Education in Rio de Janeiro 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