{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T18:20:57Z","timestamp":1766427657745,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553731200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["142315\/2014-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["142315\/2014-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e1 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014\/03093-2","2015\/00228-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/03093-2","2015\/00228-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Percept Mot Skills"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) is a widely used measure of body shape concerns that was originally designed for use with women but has more recently been used with boys and men. The latter use may be problematic, given that no previous study has demonstrated sex invariance for BSQ scores. To determine the extent to which BSQ scores are sex invariant, we asked Portuguese-speaking women ( n\u2009=\u20091,613) and men ( n\u2009=\u2009871) to complete the full BSQ (34 items). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a hypothesized 32-item model of BSQ scores and shorter versions had acceptable fit indices in women and men, separately. However, multigroup confirmatory factor analysis showed that these BSQ model scores had configural but not metric, scalar, or strict sex invariance. Differential item analysis indicated significant item-functioning differences on 19 of the 32 retained BSQ items. Thus, BSQ scores are not sex invariant, making problematic the results of previous studies that have compared latent BSQ scores across sex. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0031512519839537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,29]],"date-time":"2019-03-29T04:34:21Z","timestamp":1553834061000},"page":"462-476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Body Shape Questionnaire Is Not Invariant Across Sex: Evidence From Portuguese-Speaking University Students"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Wanderson Roberto","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Science of S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Viren","family":"Swami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8304-1040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Nogueira Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research and extension of School of Physical Education of the Army, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Mar\u00f4co","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William James Center for Research, University Institute of Psychological, Social, and Life Sciences, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Christopher N.","family":"Ochner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Corporation of America, Physician Services Group, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7123-5585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana","family":"Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Science of S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Brazil"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2017.04.006"},{"key":"bibr2-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0101-60832006000600001"},{"key":"bibr3-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2018.03.003"},{"key":"bibr4-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510701301834"},{"key":"bibr5-0031512519839537","unstructured":"Choi, S. W. (2016). lordif: Analysis of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) for dichotomous and polytomous items using an iterative hybrid of ordinal logistic regression and item response theory (IRT). Retrieved from https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=lordif."},{"key":"bibr6-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1519-38292009000300012"},{"key":"bibr7-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(198707)6:4<485::AID-EAT2260060405>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"bibr8-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2014.06.001"},{"key":"bibr9-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.2013.842141"},{"key":"bibr10-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-44462008005000017"},{"key":"bibr11-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177870"},{"key":"bibr12-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.12046"},{"key":"bibr13-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(199304)13:3<315::AID-EAT2260130310>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"bibr14-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2016-1947"},{"key":"bibr15-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-016-0353-x"},{"key":"bibr16-0031512519839537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105311434755"},{"volume-title":"An\u00e1lise de equa\u00e7\u00f5es estruturais [Structural equation analysis]","year":"2014","author":"Mar\u00f4co J.","key":"bibr17-0031512519839537"},{"key":"bibr18-0031512519839537","first-page":"15","volume":"10","author":"Moreno D. 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